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Daily intake and hazard index of parabens based upon 24 h urine samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank from 1995 to 2012

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dc.contributor.authorMoos, Rebecca K.
dc.contributor.authorApel, Petra
dc.contributor.authorSchröter-Kermani, Christa
dc.contributor.authorKolossa-Gehring, Marike
dc.contributor.authorBrüning, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorKoch, Holger M.
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-16T15:46:07Z
dc.date.available2024-06-16T15:46:07Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractIn recent years, exposure to parabens has become more of a concern because of evidence of ubiquitous exposure in the general population, combined with evidence of their potency as endocrine disruptors. New human metabolism data from oral exposure experiments enable us to back calculate daily paraben intakes from urinary paraben levels. We report daily intakes (DIs) for six parabens based on 660 24h urine samples from the German Environmental Specimen Bank collected between 1995 and 2012. Median DI values ranged between 1.1Ţg/kg bw/day for iso-butyl paraben and 47.5Ţg/kg bw/day for methyl paraben. The calculated DIs were compared with acceptable levels of exposure to evaluate the hazard quotients (HQs) that indicate that acceptable exposure is exceeded for values of >1. Approximately 5% of our study population exceeded this threshold for individual paraben exposure. The hazard index (HI) that takes into account the cumulative risk of adverse estrogenic effects was 1.3 at the 95th percentile and 4.4 at maximum intakes, mainly driven by n-propyl paraben exposure. HI values of >1 indicate some level of concern. However, we have to point out that we applied most conservative assumptions in the HQ/HI calculations. Also, major exposure reduction measures were enacted in the European Union after 2012. Quelle: www.nature.comen
dc.format.extent1 Onlineressource
dc.format.mediumonline resource
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.60810/openumwelt-557
dc.identifier.urihttps://openumwelt.de/handle/123456789/7234
dc.language.isoeng
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
dc.titleDaily intake and hazard index of parabens based upon 24 h urine samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank from 1995 to 2012
dc.typeWissenschaftlicher Artikel
dc.type.dcmitext
dc.type.mediumcomputer
dspace.entity.typePublication
local.bibliographicCitation.journalTitleJournal of exposure science and environmental epidemiology
local.bibliographicCitation.originalDOI10.1038/jes.2016.65
local.bibliographicCitation.volume(2016), S. 193-213
local.collectionAufsätze
local.contributor.authorId02164747
local.contributor.authorId02065957
local.contributor.authorId(DE-588)18159966X
local.contributor.authorId00415753
local.contributor.authorId00419574
local.identifier.catalogId02440777
local.ingest.leader05003naa a2200000uu 4500
local.jointTitleDAILY INTAKE AND HAZARD INDEX OF PARABENS BASED UPON 24 H URINE SAMPLES OF THE GERMAN ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIMEN BANK FROM 1995 TO 2012
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication0c3b6c3e-eff4-42d8-94e9-07a4fee4049c
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery28f9b1e3-5211-44ba-8d52-c462cd5fe32d
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