Person: Koschorreck, Jan
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Veröffentlichung Nutzung der Erfahrungen und Ergebnisse des Biotamonitorings der Umweltprobenbank für die Umsetzung des WRRL-Fischmonitorings(2019) Fliedner, Annette; Rüdel, Heinz; Koschorreck, JanDie Umweltprobenbank des Bundes (UPB) ist ein wichtiger Grundpfeiler der Umweltbeobachtung in Deutschland und ist bestrebt, die Länderbehörden bei neuen Anforderungen an das Umweltmonitoring zu unterstützen. So wurde eine Reihe von Studien durchgeführt, die für die Umsetzung des Wasserrahmenrichtlinien-Fischmonitorings von Interesse sind. Zum einen wurde die Wirksamkeit einer Datennormalisierung auf 26 % Trockenmasse (TM) oder 5 % Fettgehalt und Trophiestufe 4 (TS 4) erprobt, die im EU WRRL-Leitfaden Nr. 32 vorgeschlagen wird und dazu dienen soll, die Vergleichbarkeit heterogener Monitoringdaten zu erhöhen. Zum anderen wurde die Umrechnung von Schadstoffkonzentrationen im Filet auf Ganzfischkonzentrationen geprüft, um angepasste Risikobewertungen für Wildtiere und die menschliche Gesundheit zu ermöglichen. Darüber hinaus wurden die Einhaltung der Umweltqualitätsnormen (UQN) und die zeitlichen Verläufe der im Rahmen des WRRLFischmonitorings zu erfassenden organischen Stoffe an den 17 UPB-Messstellen (MS) in deutschen Flüssen und Seen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Normalisierung von Quecksilber- und PFOS-Daten auf 26 % TM die Vergleichbarkeit unterschiedlicher Datensätze nicht erhöht. Eine Normalisierung auf 5 % Fett bei lipophilen Stoffen hatte dagegen deutliche Effekte. Eine Standardisierung auf TS 4, die sich auf Standardwerte für die Trophiestufen der Fische stützt und nicht auf tatsächlich gemessenen TS- Werte, führte nicht zu einer erhöhten Vergleichbarkeit zwischen verschiedenen Fischarten. Die UQN von Dicofol, HBCDD und HCB wurden von Brassen aller MS eingehalten, während flächendeckende Überschreitungen für PBDE beobachtet wurden. Die UQN-Einhaltung der übrigen Stoffe war abhängig vom Standort. An den meisten MS hat die Belastung der Fische seit Anfang der 2000er Jahre abgenommen. In: Korrespondenz Wasserwirtschaft : KW ; Organ der DWA ; Wasser, Boden, Natur - 12 (2019), Heft 6, Seite 336Veröffentlichung Charakterisierung der Habitatwahl von Silbermöwen Larus argentatus durch GPS-Datenlogger zur Einschätzung der Schadstoffbelastung an der deutschen Nordseeküste(2019) Schwemmer, Philipp; Corman, Anna-Marie; Koch, Daniela; Koschorreck, JanThe German Federal Environmental Agency (UBA) with the Environmental Specimen Bank monitors the development of contaminants in humans and the environment since the 1980s. Eggs of the Herring Gull Larus argentatus are used as an important indicator reflecting the pollution of the Wadden Sea of the German North Sea coast. Strong inter-annual variability in contaminant load was found in the samples during the last years. For a proper interpretation of the trends, it is of great importance to know the possible origins of contaminants. Therefore, the goal of this study was to describe the individual habitat use of adult Herring Gulls from the island of Trischen during the course of the year using GPS telemetry. A major focus was set on the space use of females during pre-breeding, as this is the expected time during which contaminants taken up by the female are deposited in the eggs. Herring Gulls of both sexes (n = 9 males; n = 8 females) used predominantly intertidal flats south of Trischen during breeding 2016. Terrestrial habitats at a maximum distance of 20 to 30 km were visited by only a few individuals. Pellet analyses confirmed these patterns through high proportions of Shore Crabs Carcinus maenas and bivalves in the diet. Also, stable isotopes analyses showed a high degree of marine foraging and suggested bivalves as the main prey source. Most females migrated to the mainland of Lower Saxony during winter and used mainly industrial areas and business parks, whereas most of the males stayed in intertidal flats close to the colony. Females still used terrestrial habitats with a proportion of 70% of their total time during pre-breeding 2017. Hot spots were located in the vicinity of waste incineration and processing plants, waste management companies for food remains, industrial estates and harbours as well as (to a lower extent) on farmland and pastures. Herring Gulls spent higher proportions in terrestrial areas during breeding 2017 as compared to the year before. Hot spots that had been used already during pre-breeding were still frequently visited during the breeding period. Overall, the space utilisation varied highly between different individuals and consecutive breeding times. The results of this study indicate that a high proportion of contaminants in Herring Gull eggs from Trischen is likely to originate from terrestrial habitats. These patterns match well the long-term data set of the UBA that proves contaminants from industrial sources and from agriculture for recent years. Strong inter-annual variations are very likely to be explained by varying use of marine and terrestrial prey resources. Currently, contaminants are not analysed in individual eggs but in a single pooled sample. It is suggested to change this method and analyse contaminant levels in individual eggs as the current study clearly showed that the habitat use can differ considerably between individual herring gulls. Quelle: https://www.researchgate.netVeröffentlichung Halogenated flame retardants in tree samples applied as bioindicators for atmospheric pollution(2018) Dreyer, Annekatrin; Neugebauer, Frank; Koschorreck, Jan; Rüdel, HeinzConiferous shoots and deciduous tree leaf samples from 10 sites in Germany were taken in 2015 or 2016 within the German Environmental Specimen Bank sampling program and analysed for 24 polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and 19 additional halogenated flame retardants (HFRs). At one site, additional historic samples dating back till 2003 were also investigated. Samples were Soxhlet-extracted, cleaned-up by a non-destructive multi-step procedure involving gel permeation chromatography, and detected by GC-API-MS/MS as well as GC-MS. Besides PBDEs as classical HFRs, emerging HFRs such as Dechlorane Plus, DPTE, DBDPE, or ATE were region-wide observed demonstrating their widespread occurrence in the atmosphere. Highest concentrations in recent samples were found for DBDPE (<230-2760 pg g-1 dry weight (dw)) followed by DPTE (91-1540 pg g-1 dw), BDE209 (<156-461 pg g-1 dw), and BDE47 (<27-505 pg g-1 dw) or DP (31-122 pg g-1 dw). The overall uniform and widespread distribution as well as similar HFR levels and composition profiles observed in recent conifer shoots and corresponding deciduous tree leaves from the same area indicate a prolonged medium to long-range transport as sources. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that both tree types are generally suitable bioindicators for atmospheric pollution with HFRs, although accumulation may vary depending on HFR properties and accumulation period. The historic samples showed decreasing PBDE levels whereas no clear trend could be observed for other investigated HFRs at this site. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Veröffentlichung Bringing together raptor collections in Europe for contaminant research and monitoring in relation to chemicals regulations(2017) Movalli, Paola; Dekker, René; Koschorreck, Jan; Treu, GabrieleRaptors are good sentinels of environmental contamination and there is good capability for raptor biomonitoring in Europe. Raptor biomonitoring can benefit from natural history museums (NHMs), environmental specimen banks (ESBs) and other collections (e.g. specialist raptor specimen collections). Europe̷s NHMs, ESBs and other collections hold large numbers of raptor specimens and samples, covering long periods of time. These collections are potentially a valuable resource for contaminant studies over time and space. There are strong needs to monitor contaminants in the environment to support EU and national chemical management. However, data on raptor specimens in NHMs, ESBs and other collections are dispersed, few are digitised, and they are thus not easy to access. Specimen coverage is patchy in terms of species, space and time. Contaminant research with raptors would be facilitated by creating a framework to link relevant collections, digitising all collections, developing a searchable meta-database covering all existing collections, making them more visible and accessible for contaminant research. This would also help identify gaps in coverage and stimulate specimen collection to fill gaps in support of prioritised contaminant monitoring. Collections can further support raptor biomonitoring by making samples available for analysis on request. Quelle: https://link.springer.com/Veröffentlichung Brassen - die Trendmacher(2016) Koschorreck, Jan; Deutschland. UmweltbundesamtVeröffentlichung Waters in Germany(2017) Arle, Jens; Blondzik, Katrin; Claussen, Ulrich; Duffek, Anja; Grimm, Sabine; Hilliges, Falk; Kirschbaum, Bernd; Kirst, Ingo; Koch, Dietmar; Koschorreck, Jan; Lepom, Peter; Leujak, Wera; Mohaupt, Volker; Naumann, Stephan; Rechenberg, Jörg; Schilling, Petra; Ullrich, Antje; Wellmitz, Jörg; Werner, Stefanie; Wolter, Rüdiger; Deutschland. UmweltbundesamtSince 2016, there are new legal requirements for the assessment for nutrients and substances of the waters in Germany. New assessment procedures for hydromorphology were developed. These assessment instruments are described in the brochure "Waters in Germany: Status and Assessment". The results of the assessment clarify the still open problems in water protection. The long time series of data for nitrate and phosphorus document the development of the nutrient load of groundwater, rivers, lakes and the North Sea and Baltic Sea. Until now, there are only a few data available for exposure to marine litter and underwater noise in the sea.Veröffentlichung Recent findings of halogenated flame retardants (HFR) in the German and Polar environment(2019) Dreyer, Annekatrin; Neugebauer, Frank; Koschorreck, Jan; Lohmann, NinaTo get an overview about distribution, levels and temporal trends of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and halogenated flame retardants (HFR) of emerging concern, different types of environmental samples archived in the German Environment Specimen Bank as well as fish filet samples from the Arctic (n=13) and Antarctica (n=5) were analysed for 43 substances (24 PBDE, 19 HFR) using a multi-column clean-up and GC-API-MS/MS or GC-MS. Sample types were herring gull egg (n=3), blue mussel (n=3) and eelpout filet (n=3) from the German North- and Baltic Sea, bream filet (n=7), zebra mussel (n=6) and suspended particulate matter (SPM, n=7) from German freshwater ecosystems as well as tree leaves (n=9)/shoots (n=10), soil (n=4), earthworm (n=4) and deer liver (n=7) as representatives of German terrestrial ecosystems. PBDE and emerging HFR were present in each investigated matrices from Germany and Polar regions showing their widespread distribution. The presence in Arctic and Antarctic fish samples confirms their long-range transport potential. Average concentrations of total emerging HFR were highest in SPM (26 ng g-1 dry weight (dw)), zebra mussel (10 ng g-1 dw) and herring gull egg (2.6 ng g-1 dw). Lowest levels were measured in fish filet samples from Antarctica (0.02 ng g-1 dw). Average total PBDE concentrations were highest in bream filet (154 ng g-1), herring gull egg (61 ng g-1 dw), SPM (21 ng g-1 dw), and zebra mussel 18 (ng g-1) and lowest in deer liver (0.04 ng g-1 dw). The patterns of non-fauna terrestrial samples (leaves, shoots, soil) as well as SPM were dominated by DBDPE and BDE209. Elevated proportions of DPTE and in most cases the absence of DBDPE characterized all fauna samples with the exception of Polar samples. Overall, emerging HFR appeared to be less bioaccumulative than PBDE. Temporal trends were generally decreasing with few exceptions such as DBDPE. Quelle: https://www.sciencedirect.comVeröffentlichung Current levels and trends of selected EU Water Framework Directive priority substances in freshwater fish from the German environmental specimen bank(2016) Fliedner, Annette; Lohmann, Nina; Koschorreck, Jan; Rüdel, Heinz; Teubner, Diana; Wellmitz, JörgUnder the German environmental specimen bank programme bream (Abramis brama) were sampled in six German rivers and analysed for the priority hazardous substances dicofol, hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD), heptachlor þ heptachlor epoxide (HC þ HCE), polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCDD/Fs þ dl-PCBs), and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS). The aim was to assess compliance with the EU Water Framework Directive environmental quality standards for biota (EQSBiota) for the year 2013, and to analyse temporal trends for those substances that are of special concern. General compliance was observed for dicofol, HBCDD and HCBD whereas PBDEs exceeded the EQSBiota at all sites. For all other substances compliance in 2013 varied between locations. No assessment was possible for HC þ HCE at some sites where the analytical sensitivity was not sufficient to cover the EQSBiota. Trend analysis showed decreasing linear trends for HCB and PFOS at most sampling sites between 1995 and 2014 indicating that the emission reduction measures are effective. Mostly decreasing trends or constant levels were also observed for PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs. In contrast, increasing trends were detected for PBDEs and HBCDD which were especially pronounced at one Saar site located downstream of the industries and conurbation of Saarbrücken and V€olklingen. This finding points to new sources of emissions which should be followed in the coming years. Quelle: www.sciencedirect.comVeröffentlichung Emerging pollutants in the EU: 10 years of NORMAN in support of environmental policies and regulations(2018) Dulio, Valeria; Bavel, Bert van; Brorström-Lundén, Eva; Koschorreck, JanIn 2005, the European Commission funded the NORMAN project to promote a permanent network of reference laboratories and research centers, including academia, industry, standardization bodies, and NGOs. Since then, NORMAN has (i) facilitated a more rapid and wide-scope exchange of data on the occurrence and effects of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), (ii) improved data quality and comparability via validation and harmonization of common sampling and measurement methods (chemical and biological), (iii) provided more transparent information and monitoring data on CECs, and (iv) established an independent and competent forum for the technical/scientific debate on issues related to emerging substances. NORMAN plays a significant role as an independent organization at the interface between science and policy, with the advantage of speaking to the European Commission and other public institutions with the "bigger voice" of more than 70 members from 20 countries. This article provides a summary of the first 10 years of the NORMAN network. It takes stock of the work done so far and outlines NORMAN's vision for a Europe-wide collaboration on CECs and sustainable links from research to policy-making. It contains an overview of the state of play in prioritizing and monitoring emerging substances with reference to several innovative technologies and monitoring approaches. It provides the point of view of the NORMAN network on a burning issue - the regulation of CEC - and presents the positions of various stakeholders in the field (DG ENV, EEA, ECHA, and national agencies) who participated in the NORMAN workshop in October 2016. The main messages and conclusions from the round table discussions are briefly presented. © The Author(s) 2018.Veröffentlichung Wasserwirtschaft in Deutschland(2017) Arle, Jens; Bartel, Hartmut; Baumgarten, Corinna; Bertram, Andreas; Blondzik, Katrin; Brandt, Simone; Brauer, Frank; Claussen, Ulrich; Damian, Hans-Peter; Dieter, Daniela; Ginzky, Harald; Grimm, Sabine; Helmecke, Manuela; Hofmeier, Katja; Hofmeier, Maximilian; Hülsmann, Wulff; Kirschbaum, Bernd; Knobloch, Tobias; Koppe, Katharina; Koschorreck, Jan; Krakau, Manuela; Leujak, Wera; Mathan, Cindy; Mohaupt, Volker; Naumann, Stephan; Pickl, Christina; Rapp, Thomas; Rechenberg, Jörg; Deutschland. Umweltbundesamt. Abteilung II.2-Wasser und BodenDie Broschüre Wasserwirtschaft in Deutschland bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über die Grundlagen, Belastungen und Maßnahmen der deutschen Wasserwirtschaft und präsentiert wesentliche Fakten und aktuelle Daten rund um den Zustand unserer Gewässer, Gewässerschutz sowie Wasserversorgung und Ń entsorgung. Mit dieser Broschüre bieten wir interessierten Leserinnen und Lesern sowie der Fachöffentlichkeit ein Kompendium an Informationen und stellen Studierenden sowie Medienschaffenden eine zuverlässige Grundlage für wissenschaftliche Arbeiten und die Berichterstattung in diesem Themenbereich bereit. Quelle: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/