Organisationseinheit: Umweltbundesamt [Deutschland]. Fachgebiet III.2.5 - Abwasseranalytik, Überwachungsverfahren
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Abwassersurveillance: der methodische Weg zur Vergleichbarkeit von Messergebnissen am Beispiel Influenzaviren
(2026) Kallies, René; Fretschner, Till; Zeisler, Edgar Elon; Scheller, Steffi; Aurenz, Andreas; Schneider, Beate; Lukas, Marcus; Braun, Ulrike; Greiner, Timo; Schumacher, Jakob; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Walther, Birgit
Influenzaviren stellen durch saisonal wiederkehrende Infektionen verbunden mit ihrem Pandemiepotenzial eine Belastung für die öffentliche Gesundheit dar. Bestehende Überwachungssysteme können durch abwasserbasierte Epidemiologie (ABE) sinnvoll ergänzt werden. ABE hat sich als wertvolles Instrument etabliert, um das Vorkommen von Viren auf Bevölkerungsebene zu erfassen und zu bewerten. Die Detektion viralen Erbmaterials als Indikator für Viren im Abwasser ist herausfordernd, da verschiedene Parameter den jeweiligen Nachweis begrenzen können. Dieser Artikel diskutiert die Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Methodenkombinationen auf die Analyseergebnisse zum Nachweis von Viren in Abwasser und zeigt, dass methodenabhängige Unterschiede die Nachweis und Quantifizierungsergebnisse erheblich beeinflussen. Die Arbeit unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit einer kontextbezogenen Interpretation sowie systematischer Methodenvergleiche für eine verlässliche Implementierung der ABE von Influenzaviren. Quelle: UMID : Umwelt und Mensch - Informationsdienst ; Umwelt & Gesundheit, Umweltmedizin, Verbraucherschutz / Boden- und Lufthygiene (Berlin) Institut für Wasser-. - Berlin. - (2026), Heft 1, Seite 2
Lactose Tablets spiked with PET as suitable Microplastics reference material to support validation studies and quality control
(2026) Altmann, Korinna; Wiesner, Yosri; Fengler, Petra; Weimann, Christiane; Drago, Claudia; Braun, Ulrike; Fadda, Marta; Putzu, Mara; Sacco, Alessio; Rossi, Andrea Mario; Muniategui Lorenzo, Soledad; Moscoso-Pérez, Carmen; Fernández-González, Verónica; Miclea, Paul-Tiberiu; Benismail, Nizar; Coic, Laureen; Maltseva, Alina; Bavel, Bert van; Kloster Snekkevik, Vilde; Booth, Andy M.; Sørensen, Lisbet; Alasonati, Enrica; Chivas-Joly, Carine; Giovannozzi, Andrea Mario
Method validation in the field of microplastics analysis is challenging due to a lack of suitable reference materials describing the property of interest. The EU-funded PlasticTrace project aims to overcome that gap by developing water-soluble tablets containing defined numbers and masses of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) particles. Tablets were produced by solid-phase dilution following a strict preparation protocol with additional quality control. Different batches containing different particle numbers and masses were prepared and tested down to the detection limits of the analytical methods: theoretical mass (determined number by µ-Raman): 0.2 µg (151), 18.5 µg (1764) and 400 µg (not measured). PET particles had a mean size of approximately 40 µm, ranging from 1 to 100 µm, and an irregular shape determined by laser diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. All measurements were performed in accordance with ISO 16094–2 and ISO/FDIS 16,094–3. The most accepted microplastics detection methods were applied for characterisation: µ-FTIR, µ-Raman, Py-GC/MS and TED-GC/MS. Homogeneity and stability tests were assessed in terms of mass by TGA. The PET particles in the tablets show homogeneity with a relative standard deviation of <20%. No significant changes were observed during 6 months of storage. The developed tablet production method was also applied for polyethylene microplastics to assess its transferability to another polymer type. These reference materials can help to fulfill the criteria of EU Commission for MP monitoring in drinking water and wastewater. © 2026 The Authors.
Inter-equipment ongoing validation of microplastic identification by micro-FTIR using optimal resources
(2026) Fernandes, Rafaela; Miclea, Paul-Tiberiu; Rossi, Andrea Mario; Giovannozzi, Andrea Mario; Putzu, Mara; Morgado, Vanessa; Palma, Carla; Almeida, José; Sao Pedro, Matilde; Drago, Claudia; Quendera, Raquel; Pellegrino, Olivier; Bettencourt da Silva, Ricardo Jorge Neves
FTIR is widely used for identifying microplastics due to its performance and affordable equipment. However, there is a need for a universal method for the automatic identification of microplastics by FTIR, robust to different spectra collection conditions, and capable of adapting to the diversity of particle spectra. This research presents a method for developing a reliable and simple algorithm for inter-instrumental microplastic identification using micro-FTIR. Spectra collected from different equipments and settings across various laboratories, from microparticles previously confirmed as PET (positive cases) and non-PET (negative cases), were compared with a PET reference using multiple algorithms (match methods) based on six weighted and unweighted correlation coefficients. After excluding low signal-to-noise spectra with a newly developed universal algorithm, the 5th percentile of the match values for positive cases, estimated using a robust bootstrap method, was used as a minimum match (P5»P) to ensure a 95% true positive rate (TP). Assuming a normal distribution of the match values for negative cases, the false positive rate (FP) was calculated. The best method identified uses an unweighted correlation of differentiated signals, resulting in a P5»P = 0.4140 and FP = 0.0005% for spectra with a minimum signal-to-noise ratio of three. This identification performance, estimated from 117 spectra, is statistically equivalent to that observed from the identification of 405 additional particles using the validated method, at a 99% confidence level set by the Clopper–Pearson method, thereby extending the method's applicability to 522 particles. The developed method for PET identification by FTIR is robust across various acquisition conditions and instruments, was implemented in a user-friendly MS Excel spreadsheet, and can be easily tested with more particles and different instrumental settings. The validity of the identification algorithm and the defined criteria cannot be extrapolated to a different reality with respect to spectral collection conditions and the diversity of negative cases without a prior performance assessment. © 2026 The Author(s).
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