Listen
14 Ergebnisse
Filter
Einstellungen
Suchergebnisse
Veröffentlichung Exposure to aircraft and road traffic noise and associations with heart disease and stroke in six European countries(2013)Background
Although a number of studies have found an association between aircraft noise and hypertension, there is a lack of evidence on associations with other cardiovascular disease. For road traffic noise, more studies are available but the extent of possible confounding by air pollution has not been established.
Methods
This study used data from the Hypertension and Environmental Noise near Airports (HYENA) study. Cross-sectional associations between self-reported ´heart disease and stroke and aircraft noise and road traffic noise were examined using data collected between 2004 and 2006 on 4712 participants (276 cases), who lived near airports in six European countries (UK, Germany, Netherlands, Sweden, Greece, Italy). Data were available to assess potential confounding by NO2 air pollution in a subsample of three countries (UK, Netherlands, Sweden).
Results
An association between night-time average aircraft noise and ´heart disease and stroke was found after adjustment for socio-demographic confounders for participants who had lived in the same place for?=?20 years (odds ratio (OR): 1.25 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03, 1.51) per 10 dB (A)); this association was robust to adjustment for exposure to air pollution in the subsample. 24 hour average road traffic noise exposure was associated with ´heart disease and stroke (OR: 1.19 (95% CI 1.00, 1.41), but adjustment for air pollution in the subsample suggested this may have been due to confounding by air pollution. Statistical assessment (correlations and variance inflation factor) suggested only modest collinearity between noise and NO2 exposures.
Conclusions
Exposure to aircraft noise over many years may increase risks of heart disease and stroke, although more studies are needed to establish how much the risks associated with road traffic noise may be explained by air pollution.Quelle: http://www.ehjournal.net/
Veröffentlichung The association between traffic-related air pollution and noise with blood pressure in children(2014)Although traffic emits both air pollution and noise, studies jointly examining the effects of both of these exposures on blood pressure (BP) in children are scarce. We investigated associations between land-use regression modeled long-term traffic-related air pollution and BP in 2368 children aged 10 years from Germany (1454 from Munich and 914 from Wesel). We also studied this association with adjustment of long-term noise exposure (defined as day-evening-night noise indicator "LdenŁ and night noise indicator "LnightŁ) in a subgroup of 605 children from Munich inner city. In the overall analysis including 2368 children, NO2, PM2.5 mass (particles with aerodynamic diameters below 2.5 ìm), PM10 mass (particles with aerodynamic diameters below 10 ìm) and PM2.5 absorbance were not associated with BP. When restricting the analysis to the subgroup of children with noise information (N = 605), a significant association between NO2 and diastolic BP was observed (-0.88 (95% confidence interval: -1.67, -0.08)). However, upon adjusting the models for noise exposure, only noise remained independently and significantly positively associated with diastolic BP. Diastolic BP increased by 0.50 (-0.03, 1.02), 0.59 (0.05, 1.13), 0.55 (0.03, 1.07), and 0.58 (0.05, 1.11) mmHg for every five decibel increase in Lden and by 0.59 (-0.05, 1.22), 0.69 (0.04, 1.33), 0.64 (0.02, 1.27), and 0.68 (0.05, 1.32) mmHg for every five decibel increase in Lnight, in different models of NO2, PM2.5 mass, PM10 mass and PM2.5 absorbance as the main exposure, respectively. In conclusion, air pollution was not consistently associated with BP with adjustment for noise, noise was independently and positively associated with BP in children.
Quelle: http://www.sciencedirect.com/Veröffentlichung The associations between traffic-related air pollution and noise with blood pressure in children(2013)Although traffic emits both air pollution and noise, studies jointly examining the effects of both of theseexposures on blood pressure (BP) in children are scarce. We investigated associations between land-useregression modeled long-term traffic-related air pollution and BP in 2368 children aged 10 years fromGermany (1454 from Munich and 914 from Wesel). We also studied this association with adjustmentof long-term noise exposure (defined as day-evening-night noise indicator "LdenŁ and night noise indi-cator "LnightŁ) in a subgroup of 605 children from Munich inner city. In the overall analysis including2368 children, NO2, PM2.5mass (particles with aerodynamic diameters below 2.5 m), PM10mass (par-ticles with aerodynamic diameters below 10 m) and PM2.5absorbance were not associated with BP.When restricting the analysis to the subgroup of children with noise information (N = 605), a significantassociation between NO2and diastolic BP was observed (-0.88 (95% confidence interval: -1.67, -0.08)).However, upon adjusting the models for noise exposure, only noise remained independently and signif-icantly positively associated with diastolic BP. Diastolic BP increased by 0.50 (-0.03, 1.02), 0.59 (0.05,1.13), 0.55 (0.03, 1.07), and 0.58 (0.05, 1.11) mmHg for every five decibel increase in Lden and by 0.59(-0.05, 1.22), 0.69 (0.04, 1.33), 0.64 (0.02, 1.27), and 0.68 (0.05, 1.32) mmHg for every five decibel increasein Lnight, in different models of NO2, PM2.5mass, PM10mass and PM2.5absorbance as the main exposure,respectively. In conclusion, air pollution was not consistently associated with BP with adjustment fornoise, noise was independently and positively associated with BP in children.© 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reservedVeröffentlichung Cardiovascular effects of environmental noise exposure(2014)The role of noise as an environmental pollutant and its impact on health are being increasingly recognized. Beyond its effects on the auditory system, noise causes annoyance and disturbs sleep, and it impairs cognitive performance. Furthermore, evidence from epidemiologic studies demonstrates that environmental noise is associated with an increased incidence of arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Both observational and experimental studies indicate that in particular night-time noise can cause disruptions of sleep structure, vegetative arousals (e.g. increases of blood pressure and heart rate) and increases in stress hormone levels and oxidative stress, which in turn may result in endothelial dysfunction and arterial hypertension. This review focuses on the cardiovascular consequences of environmental noise exposure and stresses the importance of noise mitigation strategies for public health. Quelle: http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.orgVeröffentlichung Land-use planning at airports in Germany(2014) Myck, Thomas; Thierbach, Roman; Weinandy, RenéIn 2001 the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) initiated the Balanced Approach to Aircraft Noise Management. It consists of four essential elements to reduce aircraft noise. One is land-use planning and management. In Germany, this already starts with planning of an airport in order to find a suitable site. This planning process deals with aircraft operational aspects as well as economical and environmental ones. After the airport has been built, noise protection areas are to be established according to the German Act for Protection against Aircraft Noise. The noise protection area is subdivided into two daytime and one nighttime protection zone. The act oblige the airport operator to pay for constructional soundproofing measures in existing residential buildings located in daytime protection zone 1 and in the nighttime protection zone. Moreover, expenses for installation of ventilation systems in rooms predominantly used for sleeping are to be reimbursed by the airport operator for buildings in the nighttime protection zone. Furthermore, several local regulations which comprise building restrictions in the vicinity of the airport exists which primary have the aim to prevent or reduce noise conflicts. The land-use planning at German airports will be described and evaluated.Quelle: http://www.acoustics.asn.auVeröffentlichung Public participation at measures to reduce noise in Germany(2014) Zeisler, AnnettAn essential part of a modern noise reduction strategy is the involvement of the public. This important approach is implemented in the European Environmental Noise Directive. According to this Directive, noise action plans will be developed with the participation of the public. In Germany, the individual participation in planning processes is increasingly in the focus of public interest and in political discussions. Especially, in context of large-scale infrastructure projects such as the expansion of an airport. The goal-oriented implementation of the participation process and the challenges of an effective participation are demonstrated at prominent examples. Moreover, proposals for a further development of the legal requirements of the public participation at EU as well as international level will be presented. In this context, special consideration is given to measures of a clear and effective participation. The aim of these activities is to achieve a higher acceptance for official decisions of great importance. The involvement of the public in the decision-making process could also have a positive effect on their annoyance reaction because noise is often perceived as less loud if people are directly involved in the process.Quelle: http://www.acoustics.asn.auVeröffentlichung Transport-related measures to mitigate climate change in Basel, Switzerland: A health-effectiveness comparison study(2015) Perez, L.; Trüeb, S.; Cowie, H.; Keuken, M.P.; Mudu, P.; Ragettli, M.S.; Sarigiannis, D.A.; Tuomisto, J.; Tobollik, Myriam; Vienneau, D.; Sabel, C.F.; Kuenzli, N.Background
Local strategies to reduce green-house gases (GHG) imply changes of non-climatic exposure patterns.
Objective
To assess the health impacts of locally relevant transport-related climate change policies in Basel, Switzerland.
Methods
We modelled change in mortality and morbidity for the year 2020 based on several locally relevant transport scenarios including all decided transport policies up to 2020, additional realistic and hypothesized traffic reductions, as well as ambitious diffusion levels of electric cars. The scenarios were compared to the reference condition in 2010 assumed as status quo. The changes in non-climatic population exposure included ambient air pollution, physical activity, and noise. As secondary outcome, changes in Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) were put into perspective with predicted changes of CO2 emissions and fuel consumption.
Results
Under the scenario that assumed a strict particle emissions standard in diesel cars and all planned transport measures, 3% of premature deaths could be prevented from projected PM2.5 exposure reduction. A traffic reduction scenario assuming more active trips provided only minor added health benefits for any of the changes in exposure considered. A hypothetical strong support to electric vehicles diffusion would have the largest health effectiveness given that the energy production in Basel comes from renewable sources.
Conclusion
The planned local transport related GHG emission reduction policies in Basel are sensible for mitigating climate change and improving public health. In this context, the most effective policy remains increasing zero-emission vehicles.
Quelle: http://www.sciencedirect.comVeröffentlichung Determination and assessment of noise from wind turbines in Germany(2016) Bauerdorff, Andrea; Myck, ThomasIn 2014, 28.2 % of the total electrical energy has been generated from renewable energy sources within the European Union. In this context, wind turbines are of great importance. Especially in Germany, the number of these installations has continuously increased in the last years. Therefore, it is particularly important to have clear legal regulations for noise protection by wind turbines. Wind turbines with a height of more than 50 m are subject to licensing pursuant to the German Federal Immission Control Act. Assessment of noise immissions from wind turbines is carried out according to a General Administrative Provision to the Federal Immission Control Act, which is called ̮Technical Instructions on Noise Abatement - TA NoiseŁ. It describes the methods for the determination and the assessment of noise caused by industrial or commercial installations, including wind turbines. These regulations will be explained in detail. Moreover, the low-frequency noise immissions of wind turbines will be discussed and evaluated. Quelle: PROCEEDINGS of the 22nd International Congress on AcousticsVeröffentlichung Burden of Disease Due to Traffic Noise in Germany(2019) Hintzsche, Matthias; Myck, Thomas; Plaß, Dietrich; Tobollik, Myriam; Wothge, JördisTraffic noise is nearly ubiquitous and thus can affect the health of many people. Using the German noise mapping data according to the Directive 2002/49/EC of 2017 and exposure-response functions for ischemic heart disease, noise annoyance and sleep disturbance assessed by the World Health Organizationâ€Ìs Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region the burden of disease due to traffic noise is quantified. The burden of disease is expressed in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and its components. The highest burden was found for road traffic noise, with 75,896 DALYs when only considering moderate evidence. When including all available evidence, 176,888 DALYs can be attributable to road traffic noise. The burden due to aircraft and railway noise is lower because fewer people are exposed. Comparing the burden by health outcomes, the biggest share is due to ischemic heart disease (90%) in regard to aircraft noise, however, the lowest evidence was expressed for the association between traffic noise and ischemic heart disease. Therefore, the results should be interpreted with caution. Using alternative input parameters (e.g., exposure data) can lead to a much higher burden. Nevertheless, environmental noise is an important risk factor which leads to considerable loss of healthy life years. Quelle: https://www.mdpi.com