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Veröffentlichung Bioaccumulation in aquatic systems: methodological approaches, monitoring and assessment(2015)Bioaccumulation, the accumulation of a chemical in an organism relative to its level in the ambient medium, is of major environmental concern. Thus, monitoring chemical concentrations in biota are widely and increasingly used for assessing the chemical status of aquatic ecosystems. In this paper, various scientific and regulatory aspects of bioaccumulation in aquatic systems and the relevant critical issues are discussed. Monitoring chemical concentrations in biota can be used for compliance checking with regulatory directives, for identification of chemical sources or event-related environmental risk assessment. Assessing bioaccumulation in the field is challenging since many factors have to be considered that can affect the accumulation of a chemical in an organism. Passive sampling can complement biota monitoring since samplers with standardised partition properties can be used over a wide temporal and geographical range. Bioaccumulation is also assessed for regulation of chemicals of environmental concern whereby mainly data from laboratory studies on fish bioaccumulation are used. Field data can, however, provide additional important information for regulators. Strategies for bioaccumulation assessment still need to be harmonised for different regulations and groups of chemicals. To create awareness for critical issues and to mutually benefit from technical expertise and scientific findings, communication between risk assessment and monitoring communities needs to be improved. Scientists can support the establishment of new monitoring programs for bioaccumulation, e.g. in the frame of the amended European Environmental Quality Standard Directive. Quelle: http://link.springer.comVeröffentlichung Monitoring of Surface Waters in Germany under the Water Framework Directive ̶ A Review of Approaches, Methods and Results(2016) Arle, Jens; Kirst, Ingo; Mohaupt, VolkerThe European CommissionWater Framework Directive (WFD) was established 16 years agoand forms the current basis for monitoring surface waters and groundwater in Europe. This legislationresulted in a necessary adaptation of the monitoring networks and programs for rivers, lakes,and transitional and coastal waters to the requirements of the WFD at German and Europeanlevels. The present study reviews the most important objectives of both the monitoring of surfacewaters and the principles of the WFD monitoring plan. Furthermore, we look at the changes watermonitoring in Germany has undergone over the past sixteen years and we summarize monitoringresults from German surfaces waters under the WFD. Comparisons of European approaches forbiological assessments, of standards set for physical and chemical factors and of environmental quality standards for pollutants reveal the necessity for further European-wide harmonization. The objectiveof this harmonization is to improve comparability of the assessment of the ecological status of watersin Europe, and thus also to more coherently activate action programs of measures.
Quelle: Monitoring of Surface Waters in Germany under the Water Framework Directive - A Review of Approaches, Methods and Results / Jens Arle [Mitverf.] ; Volker Mohaupt [Mitverf.] ;Ingo Kirst [Mitverf.]. - 22 S.: graph. Darst., Kt. In: Water 2016, 8 (6).