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Veröffentlichung The association between traffic-related air pollution and noise with blood pressure in children(2014)Although traffic emits both air pollution and noise, studies jointly examining the effects of both of these exposures on blood pressure (BP) in children are scarce. We investigated associations between land-use regression modeled long-term traffic-related air pollution and BP in 2368 children aged 10 years from Germany (1454 from Munich and 914 from Wesel). We also studied this association with adjustment of long-term noise exposure (defined as day-evening-night noise indicator "LdenŁ and night noise indicator "LnightŁ) in a subgroup of 605 children from Munich inner city. In the overall analysis including 2368 children, NO2, PM2.5 mass (particles with aerodynamic diameters below 2.5 ìm), PM10 mass (particles with aerodynamic diameters below 10 ìm) and PM2.5 absorbance were not associated with BP. When restricting the analysis to the subgroup of children with noise information (N = 605), a significant association between NO2 and diastolic BP was observed (-0.88 (95% confidence interval: -1.67, -0.08)). However, upon adjusting the models for noise exposure, only noise remained independently and significantly positively associated with diastolic BP. Diastolic BP increased by 0.50 (-0.03, 1.02), 0.59 (0.05, 1.13), 0.55 (0.03, 1.07), and 0.58 (0.05, 1.11) mmHg for every five decibel increase in Lden and by 0.59 (-0.05, 1.22), 0.69 (0.04, 1.33), 0.64 (0.02, 1.27), and 0.68 (0.05, 1.32) mmHg for every five decibel increase in Lnight, in different models of NO2, PM2.5 mass, PM10 mass and PM2.5 absorbance as the main exposure, respectively. In conclusion, air pollution was not consistently associated with BP with adjustment for noise, noise was independently and positively associated with BP in children.
Quelle: http://www.sciencedirect.com/Veröffentlichung The associations between traffic-related air pollution and noise with blood pressure in children(2013)Although traffic emits both air pollution and noise, studies jointly examining the effects of both of theseexposures on blood pressure (BP) in children are scarce. We investigated associations between land-useregression modeled long-term traffic-related air pollution and BP in 2368 children aged 10 years fromGermany (1454 from Munich and 914 from Wesel). We also studied this association with adjustmentof long-term noise exposure (defined as day-evening-night noise indicator "LdenŁ and night noise indi-cator "LnightŁ) in a subgroup of 605 children from Munich inner city. In the overall analysis including2368 children, NO2, PM2.5mass (particles with aerodynamic diameters below 2.5 m), PM10mass (par-ticles with aerodynamic diameters below 10 m) and PM2.5absorbance were not associated with BP.When restricting the analysis to the subgroup of children with noise information (N = 605), a significantassociation between NO2and diastolic BP was observed (-0.88 (95% confidence interval: -1.67, -0.08)).However, upon adjusting the models for noise exposure, only noise remained independently and signif-icantly positively associated with diastolic BP. Diastolic BP increased by 0.50 (-0.03, 1.02), 0.59 (0.05,1.13), 0.55 (0.03, 1.07), and 0.58 (0.05, 1.11) mmHg for every five decibel increase in Lden and by 0.59(-0.05, 1.22), 0.69 (0.04, 1.33), 0.64 (0.02, 1.27), and 0.68 (0.05, 1.32) mmHg for every five decibel increasein Lnight, in different models of NO2, PM2.5mass, PM10mass and PM2.5absorbance as the main exposure,respectively. In conclusion, air pollution was not consistently associated with BP with adjustment fornoise, noise was independently and positively associated with BP in children.© 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reservedVeröffentlichung Cardiovascular effects of environmental noise exposure(2014)The role of noise as an environmental pollutant and its impact on health are being increasingly recognized. Beyond its effects on the auditory system, noise causes annoyance and disturbs sleep, and it impairs cognitive performance. Furthermore, evidence from epidemiologic studies demonstrates that environmental noise is associated with an increased incidence of arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Both observational and experimental studies indicate that in particular night-time noise can cause disruptions of sleep structure, vegetative arousals (e.g. increases of blood pressure and heart rate) and increases in stress hormone levels and oxidative stress, which in turn may result in endothelial dysfunction and arterial hypertension. This review focuses on the cardiovascular consequences of environmental noise exposure and stresses the importance of noise mitigation strategies for public health. Quelle: http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.orgVeröffentlichung Transport-related measures to mitigate climate change in Basel, Switzerland: A health-effectiveness comparison study(2015) Perez, L.; Trüeb, S.; Cowie, H.; Keuken, M.P.; Mudu, P.; Ragettli, M.S.; Sarigiannis, D.A.; Tuomisto, J.; Tobollik, Myriam; Vienneau, D.; Sabel, C.F.; Kuenzli, N.Background
Local strategies to reduce green-house gases (GHG) imply changes of non-climatic exposure patterns.
Objective
To assess the health impacts of locally relevant transport-related climate change policies in Basel, Switzerland.
Methods
We modelled change in mortality and morbidity for the year 2020 based on several locally relevant transport scenarios including all decided transport policies up to 2020, additional realistic and hypothesized traffic reductions, as well as ambitious diffusion levels of electric cars. The scenarios were compared to the reference condition in 2010 assumed as status quo. The changes in non-climatic population exposure included ambient air pollution, physical activity, and noise. As secondary outcome, changes in Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) were put into perspective with predicted changes of CO2 emissions and fuel consumption.
Results
Under the scenario that assumed a strict particle emissions standard in diesel cars and all planned transport measures, 3% of premature deaths could be prevented from projected PM2.5 exposure reduction. A traffic reduction scenario assuming more active trips provided only minor added health benefits for any of the changes in exposure considered. A hypothetical strong support to electric vehicles diffusion would have the largest health effectiveness given that the energy production in Basel comes from renewable sources.
Conclusion
The planned local transport related GHG emission reduction policies in Basel are sensible for mitigating climate change and improving public health. In this context, the most effective policy remains increasing zero-emission vehicles.
Quelle: http://www.sciencedirect.comVeröffentlichung Burden of Disease Due to Traffic Noise in Germany(2019) Hintzsche, Matthias; Myck, Thomas; Plaß, Dietrich; Tobollik, Myriam; Wothge, JördisTraffic noise is nearly ubiquitous and thus can affect the health of many people. Using the German noise mapping data according to the Directive 2002/49/EC of 2017 and exposure-response functions for ischemic heart disease, noise annoyance and sleep disturbance assessed by the World Health Organizationâ€Ìs Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region the burden of disease due to traffic noise is quantified. The burden of disease is expressed in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and its components. The highest burden was found for road traffic noise, with 75,896 DALYs when only considering moderate evidence. When including all available evidence, 176,888 DALYs can be attributable to road traffic noise. The burden due to aircraft and railway noise is lower because fewer people are exposed. Comparing the burden by health outcomes, the biggest share is due to ischemic heart disease (90%) in regard to aircraft noise, however, the lowest evidence was expressed for the association between traffic noise and ischemic heart disease. Therefore, the results should be interpreted with caution. Using alternative input parameters (e.g., exposure data) can lead to a much higher burden. Nevertheless, environmental noise is an important risk factor which leads to considerable loss of healthy life years. Quelle: https://www.mdpi.comVeröffentlichung WHO Environmental noise guidelines for the European Region(2020)World Health Organization (WHO) published the Guidelines for Community Noise in 1999 and the Night Noise Guidelines for Europe in 2009. Significant new research in the area of environmental noise and health has taken place since then. As well, new noise sources of concern for public health, such as wind turbines, were not addressed in previous guidelines. For these reasons, WHO is currently engaged in the revision of all pertinent literature and will provide recommendations for the protection of public health as part of WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region. The guidelines will focus on the WHO European Region and provide guidance to its Member States that is compatible with the noise indicators used in the European Union (EU) Directive on Environmental Noise. We systematically review the effects of noise on the following health outcomes: effects on sleep, annoyance, cognitive impairment, cardiovascular disease, hearing impairment, tinnitus, adverse birth outcomes, and mental health and wellbeing. The guidelines will consider the evidence on health effects of environmental noise related to the following various sources: aircraft, railway, road traffic, wind turbines and leisure noise. They will address exposure to noise in such relevant settings as residences, hospitals, learning establishments and public venues. Additionally, they will review the potential health benefits from noise mitigation and interventions to decrease noise levels. The process of developing the guidelines involves the synthesis and interpretation of the available evidence by a large group of scientists from across the world under the coordination of WHO. The Guidelines will provide up-to-date information on the health risks from environmental noise and evidence-based recommendations in order to support WHO Member States in their efforts to prevent and control exposure to excessive environmental noise. Copyright © (2015) by EAA-NAG-ABAV, ISSN 2226-5147 All rights reservedVeröffentlichung Comparison between German road traffic noise calculation method and new common noise assessment methods(2020) Bartolomaeus, Wolfram; Treichel, JuliaVeröffentlichung Applicability of ISO standard 3744 to UA(2022) Foerster, Jan; Treichel, Julia; Volkert, AndreasUnmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) are used for a variety of purposes. Especially the industrial or professional use of unmanned aircraft (UA) will lead to an increasing number of possible applications. The steadily rising number of UA raises the question of noise impact on the society from these vehicles. For the first time, an EU regulation provides a uniform noise rating for UA. It involves the introduction of a label for the guaranteed sound power level. This level is to be determined via EN ISO 3744:2010 by means of an enveloping surface method. Manufacturers are required to document the guaranteed sound power level as part of their CE marking. In addition, the EU regulation specifies a maximum permissible sound power level. The permitted level depends on the weight of the UA. Therefore, the German Environment Agency has started with acoustic investigations of UA. Various small multicopter) were used for the measurements in accordance with the EU regulation. This paper presents the results of the measurements and shows whether the requirements of the EU regulation are complied with. The challenges for users of the applicable measurement standard are also highlighted.