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Human biomonitoring harmonisation - lessons learned from COPHES and DEMOCOPHES
(2014) Kolossa-Gehring, Marike; Fiddicke, Ulrike; Schwedler, Gerda; Seiwert, Margarete; Joas, Anke; Angerer, Jürgen; Koch, Holger; Biot, Pierre; Aerts, Dominique; Casteleyn, Ludwine; Castaño, Argelia; Schoeters, Greet; Sepai, Ovnair; Knudsen, Lisbeth E.; Horvath, Milena; Bloemen, Louis; Joas, Reinhard
Introduction: A major objective of the European Environment and Health Action Plan 2004-2010 was
the EU wide comparison of the population's exposure to chemicals by human biomonitoring (HBM). This
required study harmonization. COPHES (COnsortium to Perform Human biomonitoring on a European Scale)systematically developed a harmonized approach to conduct HBM on a European scale, an essentialprerequisite to get comparable data. Results: For all main aspects of study design and conduct alternativeswere compared and discussed in a transparent decision making process that can also be applied to otherstudies. To reach acceptance of all involved partners, country specific aspects were always considered. Duringworkshops and by discussing written materials all partners brought up their comments and became familiar withall instruments for fieldwork and methods for quality assurance (e.g., fieldwork manual, questionnaires, andcheck lists). However, study preconditions such as ethics requirements or acceptance of questionnairecomponents differred between countries, giving a taste of the limits of harmonization. Finally,17 of the 27COPHES countries conducted the DEMOCOPHES survey (DEMOnstration of a study to COordinate andPerform Human biomonitoring on a European Scale) using the harmonized approach. Conclusions: Theharmonized fieldwork instruments (basic questionnaire, urine and hair sampling) turned out to be of high valuefor future HBM studies. Harmonization requires detailed preparation but not necessarily in the same depth ineach part of the project. The challenge is to determine which procedures indispensably need perfectharmonization and for which general guidelines are acceptable. Acknowledgements: We are grateful to theEuropean Commission that funded COPHES (7th Framework Program No. 244237) and co-fundedDEMOCOPHES (LIFE09 ENV/BE/000410) in addition to the Federal Environment Ministry (BMUB). We alsothank all project partners (www.eu-hbm.info).
Quelle: 24th Annual Meeting ofThe International Society of Exposure Science: Exposure Science Integration to Protect Ecological Systems,Human Well-Being, and Occupational Health; Abstract Book ISES 2014 / International Society of Exposure Science, Cincinnati: 2014, S.235
Interpreting biomarker data from the COPHES-DEMOCOPHES twin projects: Using lifestyle and environmental data to understand biomarker differences among countries
(2013) Den Hond, Elly; Govarts, Eva; Koppen, Gudrun; Willems, Hanny; Joas, Reinhard; Casteleyn, Ludwine; Joas, Anke; Biot, Pierre; Aerts, Dominique; Angerer, Jürgen; Berglund, Marika; Bloemen, Louis; Castaño, Argelia; Fiddicke, Ulrike; Crettaz, Pierre; Esteban, Marta; Exley, Karen; Fabianova, Eleonora; Fischer, Marc; Gutleb, Arno Christian; Hadjipanayis, Adamos; Halzlova, Katarina; Horvat, Milena; Jakubowski, Marek; Katsonouri, Andromachi; Kolossa-Gehring, Marike; Koch, Holger; Krskova, Andrea; Lehmann, Andreas; Ligocka, Danuta; Lupsa, Ioana-Rodica; Mazej, Darja; Mulcahy, Maurice; Namorado, Sónia; Nielsen, Jeanette; Schwedler, Gerda
In 2011 and 2012, the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES twin projects performed a first ever harmonized human biomonitoring survey in 17 European countries. In more than 1800 mother-child pairs, cadmium, cotinine and certain phthalate metabolites were measured in urine, and total mercury in hair samples. The presentation provides an overview of the analyses that studied whether it was feasible to interpret the observed differences in biomarker values among different countries, using external databases on environmental quality and lifestyle.
Despite the fact that harmonised biomonitoring data was available from 17 different European countries, the assessment was hampered by a lack of consistent data on lifestyle and environmental quality. This implied that most analyses could only be performed for about half to two thirds of the participating countries. Nonetheless, it was feasible to relate aggregated fish consumption data to mercury in hair, to relate the strength of anti-smoking legislation to urinary cotinine levels, and to find a borderline significant relationship between cadmium levels in air or food and urinary cadmium levels across DEMOCOPHES countries. However, the challenge to integrate environmental exposure and lifestyle data with biomarker data is to have data available on a similar geographical resolution and therefore remains a pitfall for human biomonitoring to achieve its true potential for evidence-based policy making.
With many thanks to the COPHES consortium funded by DG RTD under FP7 and DEMOCOPHES co-funded under Life+, as well as the Ministries of the DEMOCOPHES countries, for the support. www.eu-hbm.info
Roel Smolders, et al.: Interpreting biomarker data from the COPHES-DEMOCOPHES twin projects: Using lifestyle and environmental data to understand biomarker differences among countries. In: Abstracts / The 9thInternational Symposium on Biological Monitoring in Occupational and Environmental Health. 2013, Manchester, S. 33
Parabens and other phenols in urine samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESBHum) from 1995 to 2012
(2013) Moos, Rebecca K.; Kolossa-Gehring, Marike; Apel, Petra; Angerer, Jürgen; Brüning, Thomas; Koch, Holger M.
Because of the ubiquitous presence and the extensive use of parabensand other phenolic substances (like triclosan, triclocarban or benzophenones) in personal care and consumer products, food and beverage processing, pharmaceuticals and disinfectants humans are constantly exposed to these substances. Some of these substances are suspected to affect the endocrine system of humans. The German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESBHum) - supervised and scientifically coordinated by the German Federal Environment Agency (UBA) - archives human specimens since 1985 and thus allows assessing trends of human exposure. We quantified the body burden to these substances (9 parabens and 6 other phenolic substances) by analyzing 660 urine samples of the ESBHum (24h-urines) from the years 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005-2009 and 2012; 60 samples per year, from 30 male and 30 female volunteers (age: 21-29 years). We applied a newly developed highly sensitive on-line HPLC-MS/MS method, for the determination of these substances in urine. Analytical limits of quantification were in the range from 0.5 to 2 Ţg/L. The total concentration of the analytes (free and conjugated species) was measured. All samples were blinded before analysis. In nearly all samples parabens could be quantified.Median concentrations over the different years were around 40 Ţg/L for methyl-, 2 Ţg/L for ethyl- and 5 Ţg/L for n-propyl paraben. For the parabens this mainly reflects their consumption volume being highest for methyl paraben, followed by ethyl-, propyl- and butyl paraben. Triclosan was detected in around 60% of all samples analyzed. Median benzophenone-3 levels fell from around 2.5 Ţg/L (1995-2003) to < LOQ (2005-2012). For all other analytes medians are below the LOQ. Over the years we observed rather constant levels of exposures, except for the decrease in benzophenone-3. This retrospective study provides first data on internal exposures to the above substances in Germany from 1995 till 2012. Quelle: http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov

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