Organisationseinheit:
Deutschland. Umweltbundesamt. Fachgebiet II.1.3 - Innenraumhygiene, gesundheitsbezogene Umweltbelastungen

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Vorhaben des GerES VI (2023-2024)
(Umweltbundesamt, 2026) Thumulla, Jörg; Kroczek, Carmen; Schrettl, Florian; Friedle, Albrecht; Nitsopoulos, Athanasios
Als Vorhaben des GerES VI (Deutsche Umweltstudie zur Gesundheit VI, GerES = German Environmental Survey) wurde der Hausstaub in einer Unterstichprobe der Teilnehmenden auf Weichmacher, Weichmacherersatzstoffe, Flammschutzmittel und synthetische Moschusduftstoffe analysiert. Im vorliegenden Bericht werden die Methode der Analytik sowie die Laborergebnisse vorgestellt.
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Bestandsaufnahme von raumlufttechnischen Anlagen und Lüftungsmaßnahmen in Gebäuden
(Umweltbundesamt, 2026) Niessner, Jennifer; Springsklee, Lukas; Allhoff, Joachim; Drescher, Franziska; Marsden, Nicola
Im Rahmen dieses Projektes wurde eine Bestandsaufnahme der Art der Belüftung und Lüftungsmaßnahmen in Gebäuden in Deutschland erstellt. Hierbei wurde detailliert dargestellt, wie groß der Anteil an Gebäuden ist, die bereits mit mechanischer Lüftungstechnik ausgestattet sind, welche Art von Technologie eingesetzt wird und wie die Lüftungskonzepte aussehen. Darüber hinaus wurden Bürgerinnen und Bürger mit Hilfe eines Fragebogens befragt, ob sie Lüftungskonzepte umsetzen und ob sich das persönliche Lüftungsverhalten durch die Corona-Pandemie verändert hat. Anhand der Erfassungs- und der Befragungsergebnisse aber auch durch Vergleiche von Regularien in anderen europäischen Ländern wurden Vorschläge erarbeitet, die die Akzeptanz von raumlufttechnischen Anlagen sowie die Umsetzung von Lüftungskonzepten verbessern sollen.
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Statistical assessment of data sets for indoor air and house dust from the environmental survey GerES V using non-linear regression analysis, non-parametric methods and Monte-Carlo simulations
(2026) Salthammer, Tunga; Daniels, Anja; Birmili, Wolfram
Environmental surveys are essential tools to investigate the impact of pollutants on the living and non-living environment. Their data often form a basis to derive recommendations for preventive measures protecting health and ecosystems and identify the need for political action. Therefore, representative environmental data sets need to be free of systematic artifacts; their statistical structure should be explored and understood as good as possible. The German Environmental Survey (GerES) is a nationwide study conducted at unregular intervals. The data collected within the GerES V (2014–2017) campaign is important for recording and assessing pollutants in households with children and adolescents. Due to its sampling characteristics, GerES claims to be representative of the population in Germany and, with its standardized measurements and sampling protocols, as well as the selection of sampling points, provides a prime example of a study on the statistical nature of pollutants concentrations. In this work data sets from 19 pollutants in indoor air and house dust were selected from the GerES V pool. The parameters obtained from descriptive statistics were compared with the modeled data of a lognormal probability function and a lognormal cumulative density function. Confidence intervals were calculated using a bootstrap method. Monte-Carlo simulations were used to quantify uncertainties in estimators of theoretical distribution assumptions and to investigate the influence of classifying data into equidistant intervals (bins) on nonlinear regression analysis with respect to data count and bin width. The results of our study provide better insight into the general statistical nature of environmental observations, enabling a more reliable assessment of the parameters derived from the data. © 2026 The Authors.
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Six-year trend of concentrations of ultrafine particles 6 km away from a major German airport
(2026) Gerwig, Holger; Birmili, Wolfram; Weinhold, Kay; Alas, Honey Dawn Contecson; Wiedensohler, Alfred; Travnicek, Wilma
Ultrafine particles play a crucial role in the atmosphere, both as a source of larger particles and as a factor influencing human health. We analysed hourly particle number size distributions collected during 2015–2021 from an urban background station in the Rhine-Main area in Germany, focusing on potential particle sources and multi-annual trends. The site is influenced by diffuse regional sources such as motor traffic and domestic heating, as well as Frankfurt Airport, located at a distance of 6 km. The average total particle number concentration (TNC, size range 10–500 nm) was 9.4 × 103 cm−3. TNC maxima were observed in diurnal cycles at 07:00, 13:00, and 21:00 UTC+1 (UTC+1 is used throughout the paper). The midday peak was more distinct during the warm season and dominated by nucleation mode particles (NUCs, 10–30 nm), suggesting photochemical particle formation as a source. When the wind was blowing from Frankfurt Airport, a 2.5-fold concentration average in NUCs was observed compared to other directions (11.2 × 103 and 4.3 × 103 cm−3, 2015–2021). In 2020, during traffic restrictions related to the COVID-19 lockdown, TNC downwind of the airport was 40 %–60 % lower compared to the average of the prior 4 years. The overall trend analysis for 2015–2021 yielded consistent downward trends for TNC (−2 % yr−1), atmospheric particulate matter (PM10) mass (4 % yr−1), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (−5 % yr−1). While our observations of particle number size distributions show general similarities to other Central European observations, the effect of winds from Frankfurt Airport as a particle source is most prominently seen in the range 10–30 nm. The airport's role as a source of NUCs, and the rise in flights from 2015 to 2019 may be the cause of lower decline rates when compared to other locations. ©Author(s) 2026.

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