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Metabolites of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) in urine of children and adolescents in Germany - human biomonitoring results of the German Environmental Survey GerES V (2014-2017)

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dc.contributor.authorDaniels, Anja
dc.contributor.authorKolossa-Gehring, Marike
dc.contributor.authorMurawski, Aline
dc.contributor.authorRucic, Enrico
dc.contributor.authorSchmied-Tobies, Maria Irene Hilde
dc.contributor.authorSchwedler, Gerda
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-16T14:00:55Z
dc.date.available2024-06-16T14:00:55Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractThe UV filter 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), used in cosmetics, the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), used inter alia as a food additive and in cosmetics, and the plasticizer tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM), used mainly in medical devices as substitute for di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), are suspected to have endocrine disrupting effects. Human biomonitoring methods that allow for assessing the internal exposure of the general population to these substances were recently developed in a German cooperation to enhance the use of human biomonitoring. First-morning void urine samples from 3- to 17-year-old children and adolescents living in Germany were analysed for metabolites of 4-MBC (N = 447), BHT (N = 2091), and TOTM (N = 431) in the population-representative German Environmental Survey on Children and Adolescents 2014-2017 (GerES V). 4-MBC metabolites were found in quantifiable amounts only in single cases and exposure levels remained well below health-based guidance values. In contrast, ubiquitous exposure to BHT became evident with a geometric mean (GM) urinary concentration of the metabolite BHT acid of 2.346 (my)g/L (1.989 (my)g/gcreatinine) and a maximum concentration of 248 (my)g/L (269 (my)g/gcrea). The highest GM concentration was found in young children aged 3-5 years, yet no specific sources of exposure could be identified. Also, TOTM metabolites were found in quantifiable amounts only in very few samples. None of these findings could be related to previous hospital treatment or exposure via house dust. The presented results will be the basis to derive reference values for exposure of children and adolescents in Germany to BHT and will facilitate to identify changing exposure levels in the general population. © 2020 The Author(s).en
dc.format.extent1 Onlineresource (9 pages)
dc.format.mediumonline resource
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.60810/openumwelt-2170
dc.identifier.urihttps://openumwelt.de/handle/123456789/4045
dc.language.isoeng
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
dc.subjectAntioxidationsmittel
dc.subjectExposition
dc.subjectEndokrin wirksame Substanz
dc.titleMetabolites of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) in urine of children and adolescents in Germany - human biomonitoring results of the German Environmental Survey GerES V (2014-2017)
dc.title.alternativeMetabolites of 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) in urine of children and adolescents in Germany - human biomonitoring results of the German Environmental Survey GerES V (2014-2017)
dc.typeWissenschaftlicher Artikel
dc.type.dcmitext
dc.type.mediumcomputer
dspace.entity.typePublication
local.bibliographicCitation.journalTitleEnvironmental Research
local.bibliographicCitation.originalDOI10.1016/j.envres.2020.110345
local.bibliographicCitation.volume192 (2021)
local.collectionAufsätze
local.contributor.authorId(DE-588)1164813641
local.contributor.authorId(DE-588)1125139706
local.identifier.catalogId02478960
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local.jointTitleMETABOLITES OF 4METHYLBENZYLIDENE CAMPHOR 4MBC BUTYLATED HYDROXYTOLUENE BHT AND TRIS2ETHYLHEXYL TRIMELLITATE TOTM IN URINE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN GERMANY HUMAN BIOMONITORING RESULTS OF THE GERMAN ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEY GERES V 20142017
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