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Publikationstyp
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Erscheinungsjahr
2017
Antifouling biocides in German marinas - Exposure assessment and calculation of national consumption and emission
Antifouling biocides in German marinas - Exposure assessment and calculation of national consumption and emission
Autor:innen
Herausgeber
Quelle
Integrated environmental assessment and management
(2017)
(2017)
Schlagwörter
Zitation
DAEHNE, Dagmar, Constanze FÜRLE, Michael FEIBICKE und Anja THOMSEN, 2017. Antifouling biocides in German marinas - Exposure assessment and calculation of national consumption and emission. Integrated environmental assessment and management [online]. 2017. Bd. (2017). DOI 10.60810/openumwelt-1696. Verfügbar unter: https://openumwelt.de/handle/123456789/7110
Zusammenfassung englisch
The authorization of biocidal antifouling products for leisure boats is subject of the EU Biocides Regulation 528/2012. National specifics may be regarded by the member states in their assessment of environmental risks. The aim of this survey was to collect corresponding data and to create a data base for the environmental risk assessment of antifouling active substances in German surface waters. Water concentrations of current antifouling active substances and selected break-down products were measured in a single-sampling campaign covering 50 marinas at inland and coastal areas. Increased levels were found for zinc, copper and cybutryne. For the latter, the maximum allowable concentration according to EU Directive 2013/39 was exceeded at 5 marinas. For copper, local environmental quality standards were exceeded at 10 marinas. Base data on the total boat inventory in Germany were lacking up to now. For that reason, a nationwide survey of mooring berths was conducted by use of aerial photos. About 206,000 mooring berths obviously used by boats with a potential antifouling application were counted. The blind spot of very small marinas was estimated at 20,000 berths. 71% of berths were located at freshwater sites illustrating the importance of navigable inland waterways for leisure boat activities and underline the need for a customized exposure assessment in these areas. Moreover, the national consumption of all antifouling products for leisure boats was calculated. The total amount of 794 t/a consisted of 179 t/a of inorganic copper compounds, 19 t/a of organic co-biocides and 49.5 t/a of zinc. With regard to weight proportion, 141 t/a Cu and 40 t/a Zn were consumed. Assuming an emission ratio of 50% during service life, 70.5 t/a of copper amounted to 15% of all external sources for copper release to German surface waters. These figures highlight the need of mitigation measures. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved © 1999 - 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.