Publikation:
A biomonitoring study assessing the exposure of young German adults to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)

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dc.contributor.authorSchmidtkunz, Christoph
dc.contributor.authorKolossa-Gehring, Marike
dc.contributor.authorKüpper, Katja
dc.contributor.authorWeber, Till
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-16T14:17:51Z
dc.date.available2024-06-16T14:17:51Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractThe antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (butylated hydroxytoluene, BHT) is used ubiquitously in food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, fuels, plastics, rubbers and many other products. Therefore, exposure of the general population to this substance is likely. We analyzed the BHT metabolite 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid ("BHT acid") in 24-h urine samples from the German Environmental Specimen Bank with the aim of gaining a better understanding of the internal burden of BHT in young nonspecifically exposed adults. The study population consisted of students between 20 and 29 years of age at the time of sampling, all from Halle/Saale in Central Germany. In total, 329 samples collected in the years 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2015, and 2018 were measured by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). BHT acid was detected above the limit of quantification (0.2 My g/L) in 98% of the samples. The median of the measured concentrations was 1.06 My g/L and 1.24 My g/g creatinine respectively, the median of the daily excretion was 1.76 My g/24 h and - additionally normalized for body weight - 26.8 ng/24 h * kg bw respectively. The corresponding 90th percentiles were 3.28 My g/L, 3.91 My g/g creatinine, 5.05 My g/24 h, and 81.9 ng/24 h * kg bw. Medians of creatinine-corrected values were slightly higher in women than in men, while the opposite situation was observed for the volume concentrations and the 24-h excretion values (not corrected for body weight). Values simultaneously normalized both for 24-h excretion and body weight did not exhibit any significant differences between males and females, probably indicating a virtually identical magnitude of exposure for both genders. The background exposure of the investigated population was found to be largely constant since the year 2000, with only weak temporal trends at most. Daily intakes were estimated from excretion values and found to be largely below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) of BHT at 0.25 mg/kg bw: our worst-case estimate is a daily BHT intake of approximately 0.1 mg/kg bw at the 95th percentile level. However, these intake assessments rely on very limited quantitative data regarding human metabolism of BHT. © 2020 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.en
dc.format.extent1 Onlineressource (8 pages)
dc.format.mediumonline resource
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.60810/openumwelt-1641
dc.identifier.urihttps://openumwelt.de/handle/123456789/4456
dc.language.isoeng
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
dc.subjectHuman-Biomonitoring
dc.subjectExpositionsabschätzung
dc.subjectUmweltprobenbank
dc.titleA biomonitoring study assessing the exposure of young German adults to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)
dc.title.alternativeA biomonitoring study assessing the exposure of young German adults to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)
dc.typeWissenschaftlicher Artikel
dc.type.dcmitext
dc.type.mediumcomputer
dspace.entity.typePublication
local.bibliographicCitation.journalTitleInternational Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
local.bibliographicCitation.originalDOI10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113541
local.bibliographicCitation.volume228 (2020)
local.collectionAufsätze
local.contributor.authorId02182281
local.contributor.authorId02184264
local.identifier.catalogId02474783
local.ingest.leader06382naa a2200000uu 4500
local.jointTitleA BIOMONITORING STUDY ASSESSING THE EXPOSURE OF YOUNG GERMAN ADULTS TO BUTYLATED HYDROXYTOLUENE BHT
local.reviewtrue
local.sourcecatalog
local.staffPublicationtrue
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication800537d2-ed95-4cc9-973c-d54784b3cb09
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery0c3b6c3e-eff4-42d8-94e9-07a4fee4049c
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