Vorschaubild nicht verfügbar
Publikationstyp
Conference proceedings
Monographie
Monographie
Erscheinungsjahr
2017
DOI
Grouping/Read Across approaches to reduce the testing of nanomaterials regarding their environmental hazard
Grouping/Read Across approaches to reduce the testing of nanomaterials regarding their environmental hazard
Autor:innen
Herausgeber
Quelle
Scientific Stakeholder Meeting on Nanomaterials in the Environment (2017 : Dessau-Roßlau)
Schlagwörter
Zitation
KÜHNEL, Dana, 2017. Grouping/Read Across approaches to reduce the testing of nanomaterials regarding their environmental hazard [online]. Dessau-Roßlau. Verfügbar unter: https://openumwelt.de/handle/123456789/6390
Zusammenfassung englisch
Nanomaterials (NM) offer a great innovation potential and are assumed to be beneficial to mankind and the environment by e.g. reducing material usage and energy consumption. However, the large variety of synthetic nanomaterials represents a major challenge for scientists and regulators in terms of measuring and assessing the potential hazard caused by the materials and the products over the whole life-cycle. Currently, the assessment of potential hazards posed by NM towards environmental organisms is performed on a case-by-case basis, which is considered as not practicable for the many different variations of NM, which involve differences in composition, size, shape, crystalline structure and surface modifications. In order to overcome the need for extensive testing, grouping and read across approaches for NM are considered helpful. The prediction of NM hazard based on existing knowledge requires the identification of relationships between nanomaterials̷ physicochemical properties and their ecotoxicological behavior. To gain knowledge on this relationship, we used several approaches involving extensive literature research, the formulation of grouping hypotheses based on physical-chemical parameters, as well as systematic toxicity testing. For the latter purpose, a test set of NM was compiled, involving in most cases several subtypes of a given nanoscaled substance, which differed in the parameter considered as driver for a specific effect. The NM test set underwent testing in the ecotoxicological relevant aquatic (algae, daphnia and zebrafish embryo) and terrestrial organisms (earth worm, microorganisms). All organism tests were conducted according to OECD guidelines under consideration of NM-specific modifications. The NM selected for testing were extensively characterized regarding their properties and their behavior in the respective ecotoxicological test media. The talk will provide an overview on the most crucial results obtained so far. Basically it became obvious that an identification of groups consisting of NM with comparable ecotoxicity based on literature data is of limited value, because of fragmented reporting on nanomaterials̷ physical-chemical properties, the application of different methods to characterize the NM as well as a high variability in the applied test procedures. Further, as the systematic testing showed, there are no mono-causal relationships between one physical-chemical parameter and an ecotoxic effect. Our current proposal for a qualitative grouping scheme therefore considers various parameters. The reliability of the grouping scheme was tested by applying it to a further data set not used for the development of the scheme. It became obvious that not all NM exerting a comparable ecotoxicity grouped into the same group and accordingly, further parameters beyond the ones already considered in the grouping scheme need to be taken into account. Hence, in order to facilitate grouping with focus on environmental effects, further steps need to be taken. Quelle: Platform presentations - Abstracts