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Jacob, Stefanie

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Jacob

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Stefanie

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Deutschland, Umweltbundesamt, Fachgebiet IV.1.2 - Biozide

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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Publication
    Authorisation of Anticoagulant Rodenticides in Germany
    (2019) Fischer, Juliane; Friesen, Anton; Geduhn, Anke; Hein, Susanne; Jacob, Stefanie; Jahn, Barbara; Kalle, Agnes; Kehrer, Anja; Nöh, Ingrid; Petersohn, Eleonora; Riedhammer, Caroline; Rissel, Ricarda; Schlötelburg, Anika; Schmolz, Erik; Schwarz-Schulz, Beatrice; Stahr, Christiane; Wege, Kristina; Wieck, Stefanie; Trauer-Kizilelma, Ute
    In Germany, rodent control in the non-agricultural area relies heavily on the use of anticoagulant rodenticides, i.e. baits containing active substances that inhibit blood coagulation. Although these compounds have unacceptable effects on the environment, they were authorised under the European Biocidal Products Regulation. However, their authorisation is subject to strict risk mitigation measures (RMM) such as the restriction of use to (trained) professionals or setting mandatory instructions for use. These RMM drove many discussions and raised numerous questions among manufacturers, users and industry in Germany. The German Environment Agency has therefore compiled answers to frequently asked questions (FAQ) on the authorisation and use of anticoagulant rodenticides in this document. The 4th edition provides latest information about the emerging environmental issue of anticoagulant rodenticides in fish and dedicates an entire chapter to rat control in sewer systems. Quelle: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de
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    The role of behavioral ecotoxicology in environmental protection
    (2021) Ford, Alex; Ågerstrand, Marlene; Brooks, Bryan W.; Duquesne, Sabine; Sahm, René; Gergs, René; Jacob, Stefanie; Maack, Gerd; Mohr, Silvia
    For decades, we have known that chemicals affect human and wildlife behavior. Moreover, due to recent technological and computational advances, scientists are now increasingly aware that a wide variety of contaminants and other environmental stressors adversely affect organismal behavior and subsequent ecological outcomes in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. There is also a groundswell of concern that regulatory ecotoxicology does not adequately consider behavior, primarily due to a lack of standardized toxicity methods. This has, in turn, led to the exclusion of many behavioral ecotoxicology studies from chemical risk assessments. To improve understanding of the challenges and opportunities for behavioral ecotoxicology within regulatory toxicology/risk assessment, a unique workshop with international representatives from the fields of behavioral ecology, ecotoxicology, regulatory (eco)toxicology, neurotoxicology, test standardization, and risk assessment resulted in the formation of consensus perspectives and recommendations, which promise to serve as a roadmap to advance interfaces among the basic and translational sciences, and regulatory practices. © 2021 The Authors
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    Publication
    New insights on in vitro biotransformation of anticoagulant rodenticides in fish
    (2022) Regnery, Julia; Friesen, Anton; Riegraf, Carolin; Jacob, Stefanie
    he assessment of the bioaccumulation potential of chemicals is an essential and mandatory part of their regulatory environmental risk and hazard assessment. So far, in vitro data on fish metabolism is rarely available for biocidal active substances such as anticoagulant rodenticides. In this case study we present in vitro biotransformation rates of eight biocidal and one pharmaceutical anticoagulants in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver subcellular S9 fraction (RT-S9) determined following the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development test guideline 319B method at two different incubation temperatures (i.e., 12 +/- 1 ËÌC and 23 +/- 2 ËÌC). Furthermore, we address challenges associated with the usability and interpretation of in vitro data to support the decision making within the regulatory bioaccumulation assessment in bridging the gap between in silico methods and in vivo studies. According to our results, four of the tested substances (i.e., chlorophacinone, coumatetralyl, bromadiolone, and difenacoum) exhibited significant intrinsic clearance (p < .001) in the RT-S9 assay. Overall, the observed metabolism was (very) slow and clearance rates were temperature-dependent. Whether the determined in vitro biotransformation rate had a substantial influence on the predicted bioconcentration factor during extrapolation was subject to the lipophilicity of the test substance. Further improvements of existing concepts are needed to overcome uncertainties in the prediction of bioconcentration factors for chemicals such as anticoagulants. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd.