Person: Feibicke, Michael
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Michael
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Veröffentlichung Risiken durch Antifouling-Einsatz bei Sportbooten vorhersagen(2015) Daehne, Dagmar; Fürle, Constanze; Feibicke, MichaelVeröffentlichung Fate, bioaccumulation and toxic effects of triclosan on a freshwater community - a mesocosm study(2021) Berghahn, Rüdiger; Contardo-Jara, Valeska; Feibicke, Michael; Meinecke, Stefan; Mohr, Silvia; Schmidt, RalfThe antibacterial agent triclosan (TCS) is added to many daily-used consumer products and can therefore reach the aquatic environment via treated wastewater and potentially harm aquatic ecosystems. A 120 days pond mesocosm study was conducted in order to investigate the fate of TCS in water and sediment, its bioaccumulative potential in different biota as well as the effects of TCS and its main transformation product methyl-triclosan (M-TCS) on plankton, periphyton, macrophytes, and benthos communities. TCS was dosed once each in six pond mesocosms (nominal concentrations: 0.12, 0.6, 3.5, 21, 130 and 778 (micro)g/L TCS, respectively) while two ponds served as controls. A concentration-dependent increase in the DT50 values from 5.0 to 15.0 and 7.5 to 16.3 days was observed for TCS in water and the whole pond system (water, sediment, biota), respectively. Consequently, the substance should be categorized as non-persistent. For TCS, the bioaccumulation factors (non steady-state conditions, BAFnssc) in Lymnaea stagnalis, Myriophyllum spicatum and periphyton were below the critical limit of 2000, above which a substance is classified as bioaccumulative. In contrast, a BAFnssc value of >10,000 was found for M-TCS in L. stagnalis, denoting that M-TCS definitely falls under this classification. Although strong effects on freshwater communities could only be observed in the highest TCS treatments, some periphyton species, such as Oedogonium spp., reacted very sensitive to TCS with an EC50 (time weighted average, 28 d) of 0.3 (micro)g/L TCS. Considering the high bioaccumulative potential of M-TCS in combination with the observed effects of TCS at low doses suggests that the use of TCS, and therefore its release into the environment, should cease. © 2021 The AuthorsVeröffentlichung Effects of copper ions on non-target species: a case study using the Grazer Theodoxus fluviatilis (Gastropoda: Neritidae)(2020) Rothmeier, Louisa Marie; Feibicke, Michael; Martens, Andreas; Gergs, René; Watermann, Burkard; Kullwatz, Jan Christopher; Sahm, RenéThe heavy metal copper has been widely used in industrial processes as well as a pesticide product in agriculture or as biocide. Anthropogenic activities by which copper can enter the environment are rather diverse including mining, metal finishing factories, discharging in industry, or sewage treatment plants. In agriculture, copper compounds are used mainly as fungicides or herbicides (e.g. reviewed by Flemming and Trevors 1989). Furthermore, it was formerly used in reservoirs, streams and ponds for controlling algae blooms and is now commonly used as a biocide in antifouling paintings for ships to protect hulls from corrosion and for fuel efficiency (Piola et al. 2009; Watermann et al. 2017). When copper is released into freshwater systems, for example via agricultural runoff, it exists in surface waters in the form of free ions (Cu2+), complexed with ligands or bound to particles, occurring at median water concentrations often ranging between 4 to 10 Ìg Cu2+/L (ATSDR 2004). As a persistent element, copper is able to accumulate in biofilms (Morin et al. 2008) and sediments of rivers, lakes and estuaries, from where it can also be remobilised (Watermann et al. 2017). Absorption of copper ions into biofilms increases with increasing ion concentration (Bhaskar and Bhosle 2006), leading to highly contaminated biofilms in polluted environments. © 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AGVeröffentlichung The auxin herbicide mecoprop-P in new light: Filling the data gap for dicotyledonous macrophytes(2021) Feibicke, Michael; Gergs, René; Sahm, René; Hönemann, Linda; Kusebauch, Björn; Mohr, Silvia; Périllon, CécileMecoprop-P (MCPP-P) is an auxin herbicide which has been used against dicotyledonous weed plants since the 1980s. While fate and monitoring data of MCPP-P in the aquatic environment revealing concentrations up to 103 ÎÌg/L in freshwaters are well documented, only very few toxicity data and no studies with dicotyledonous macrophytes have been published in open literature so far. To fill up this essential data gap, a microcosm study was conducted in order to test the sensitivity of nine dicotyledonous and one Ceratophyllales macrophyte species. The plant species were exposed to seven MCPP-P concentrations ranging from 8 to 512 (micro)g/L for 21/22 days in one microcosm per concentration, and two further microcosms served as controls. Plant preparation was adapted to each species and endpoints were measured to calculate growth rates. Data were generated to obtain effect concentrations (ECX) which then were used to construct species sensitivity distribution curves (SSD). Eight species proved to be sensitive to MCPP-P in the tested concentration range with EC50 values ranging from 46.9 (micro)g/L for Ranunculus aquatilis to 656.4 (micro)g/L MCPP-P for Ludwigia repens. Taking the EC50 values of this study and published data for autotrophic organisms into account, a hazard concentration (HC5) of 2.7 (micro)g/L was derived from the SSD curve, while an SSD curve without dicotyledonous macrophytes resulted in an about 100 times higher HC5 (360.8 (micro)g/L MCCP-P). This confirms that a re-evaluation for old auxin herbicides by including dicotyledonous test species into the environmental risk assessment may be indicated. Furthermore, the use of MCPP-P in bitumen felts as protection against rooting by plants is not in the focus of any risk regulation so far. This application, however, can lead to high run-off concentrations that can enter surface waters easily, exceeding the new regulatory acceptable concentration values. © 2021 The AuthorsVeröffentlichung Effects of a realistic pesticide spraying sequence for apple crop on stream communities in mesocosms: negligible or notable?(2023) Duquesne, Sabine; Feibicke, Michael; Frische, Tobias; Gergs, René; Meinecke, Stefan; Sahm, René; Mohr, SilviaBackground Several large-scale studies revealed impacts and risks for aquatic communities of small rural lakes and streams due to pesticides in agricultural landscapes. It appears that pesticide risk assessment based on single products does not offer sufficient protection for non-target organisms, which are exposed repeatedly to pesticide mixtures in the environment. Therefore, a comprehensive stream mesocosm study was conducted in order to investigate the potential effects of a realistic spraying sequence for conventional orchard farmed apples on a stream community using pesticides at their regulatory acceptable concentrations (RACs). Eight 74-m-long stream mesocosms were established with water, sand, sediment, macrophytes, plankton and benthic macroinvertebrates. In total, nine fungicidal, four herbicidal and four insecticidal pesticides were applied in four of the eight stream mesocosms on 19 spraying event days in the period from April to July while the remaining four stream mesocosms served as controls. The community composition, the abundance of benthos, periphyton and macrophytes, the emergence of insects, physico-chemical water parameters, and drift measurements of aquatic invertebrates were measured. Results The pesticide spraying sequence induced significant effects on invertebrates, periphyton, and macrophytes as well as on the water ion composition especially in the second half of the experiment. It was not possible to relate the observed effects on the community to specific pesticides applied at certain time points and their associated toxic pressure using the toxic unit approach. The most striking result was the statistically significant increase in variation of population response parameters of some taxa in the treated mesocosms compared to the controls. This inter-individual variation can be seen as a general disturbance measure for the ecosystem. Conclusions The pesticide spraying sequence simulated by using RAC values had notable effects on the aquatic stream community in the conducted mesocosm study. The results indicate that the current risk assessment for pesticides may not ensure a sufficient level of protection to the field communities facing multiple pesticide entries due to spraying sequences and other combined stress. Hence, there is still room for improvement regarding the prospective risk assessment of pesticides to further reduce negative effects on the environment. © The Author(s) 2023Veröffentlichung Antifouling biocides in German marinas - Exposure assessment and calculation of national consumption and emission(2017) Daehne, Dagmar; Fürle, Constanze; Feibicke, Michael; Thomsen, AnjaThe authorization of biocidal antifouling products for leisure boats is subject of the EU Biocides Regulation 528/2012. National specifics may be regarded by the member states in their assessment of environmental risks. The aim of this survey was to collect corresponding data and to create a data base for the environmental risk assessment of antifouling active substances in German surface waters. Water concentrations of current antifouling active substances and selected break-down products were measured in a single-sampling campaign covering 50 marinas at inland and coastal areas. Increased levels were found for zinc, copper and cybutryne. For the latter, the maximum allowable concentration according to EU Directive 2013/39 was exceeded at 5 marinas. For copper, local environmental quality standards were exceeded at 10 marinas. Base data on the total boat inventory in Germany were lacking up to now. For that reason, a nationwide survey of mooring berths was conducted by use of aerial photos. About 206,000 mooring berths obviously used by boats with a potential antifouling application were counted. The blind spot of very small marinas was estimated at 20,000 berths. 71% of berths were located at freshwater sites illustrating the importance of navigable inland waterways for leisure boat activities and underline the need for a customized exposure assessment in these areas. Moreover, the national consumption of all antifouling products for leisure boats was calculated. The total amount of 794 t/a consisted of 179 t/a of inorganic copper compounds, 19 t/a of organic co-biocides and 49.5 t/a of zinc. With regard to weight proportion, 141 t/a Cu and 40 t/a Zn were consumed. Assuming an emission ratio of 50% during service life, 70.5 t/a of copper amounted to 15% of all external sources for copper release to German surface waters. These figures highlight the need of mitigation measures. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved © 1999 - 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.