Person: Fastner, Jutta
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Veröffentlichung Impact of climate change on waterborne infections and intoxications(2023) Dupke, Susann; Buchholz, Udo; Fastner, Jutta; Förster, Christina; Selinka, Hans-ChristophProgressive climate change holds the potential for increasing human health risks from waterborne infections and intoxications, e. g. through an increase in pathogen concentrations in water bodies, through the establishment of new pathogens or through possible changes in pathogen properties. This paper presents some examples of potential impacts of climate change in Germany. Non-cholera Vibrio occur naturally in seawater, but can proliferate significantly in shallow water at elevated temperatures. In the case of Legionella, climate change could lead to temporary or longer-term increased incidences of legionellosis due to the combination of warm and wet weather. Higher temperatures in piped cold water or lower temperatures in piped hot water may also create conditions conducive to higher Legionella concentrations. In nutrient- rich water bodies, increased concentrations of toxigenic cyanobacteria may occur as temperatures rise. Heavy rainfall following storms or prolonged periods of heat and drought can lead to increased levels of human pathogenic viruses being washed into water bodies. Rising temperatures also pose a potential threat to human health through pathogens causing mycoses and facultatively pathogenic micro-organisms: increased infection rates with non-tuberculous mycobacteria or fungi have been documented after extreme weather events. Quelle: Dupke S, Buchholz U, Fastner J, Förster C, Frank C et al. (2023): Impact of climate change on waterborne infections and intoxications. J Health Monit 8(S3): page 62Veröffentlichung Biologische Aspekte der Wassernutzung und Wasserqualität(2020) Chorus, Ingrid; Clasen, J.; Melzer, A.; Fastner, JuttaVeröffentlichung Occurrence, Distribution and Toxins of Benthic Cyanobacteria in German Lakes(2023) Bauer, Franziska; Wolfschläger, Immanuel; Fastner, Jutta; Geist, JürgenCyanobacteria are favored by climate change and global warming; however, to date, mostresearch and monitoring programs have focused on planktic cyanobacteria. Benthic cyanobacte-ria blooms also increase and pose a risk to animal and human health; however, there is limitedknowledge of their occurrence, distribution and the toxins involved, especially in relation to theirplanktic conspeciï Ä„cs. Therefore, we analyzed the benthic and planktic life forms of cyanobacterialcommunities in 34 lakes in Germany, including a monitoring of cyanotoxins. Community analyseswere based on microscopic examination and Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The analysesof cyanotoxins were carried out using LC-MS/MS and ELISA. Observed benthic mats containingcyanobacteria consisted mainly of Nostocales and Oscillatoriales, being present in 35% of the lakes. Ana-toxin was the most abundant cyanotoxin in the benthic samples, reaching maximum concentrationsof 45,000ÃŒg/L, whereas microcystin was the predominate cyanotoxin in the open-water samples,reaching concentrations of up to 18,000ÃŒg/L. Based on the results, speciï Ä„c lakes at risk of toxiccyanobacteria could be identiï Ä„ed. Our ï Ä„ndings suggest that monitoring of benthic cyanobacteria andtheir toxins should receive greater attention, ideally complementing existing open-water samplingprograms with little additional effort. © 2023 by the authors.Veröffentlichung Hepatotoxic cyclic peptides - microcystins and nodularins(2021) Fastner, Jutta; Humpage, AndrewVeröffentlichung Manganese-oxidizing bacteria isolated from natural and technical systems remove cylindrospermopsin(2020) MartÃnez-Ruiz, Erika Berenice; Cooper, Myriel; Fastner, JuttaThe cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin was discovered during a drinking water-related outbreak of human poisoning in 1979. Knowledge about the degradation of cylindrospermopsin in waterbodies is limited. So far, only few cylindrospermopsin-removing bacteria have been described. Manganese-oxidizing bacteria remove a variety of organic compounds. However, this has not been assessed for cyanotoxins yet. We investigated cylindrospermopsin removal by manganese-oxidizing bacteria, isolated from natural and technical systems. Cylindrospermopsin removal was evaluated under different conditions. We analysed the correlation between the amount of oxidized manganese and the cylindrospermopsin removal, as well as the removal of cylindrospermopsin by sterile biogenic oxides. Removal rates in the range of 0.4-37.0(my)L-1 day-1 were observed. When MnCO3 was in the media Pseudomonas sp. OF001 removed round about 100% of cylindrospermopsin in 3 days, Comamonadaceae bacterium A210 removed round about 100% within 14 days, and Ideonella sp. A288 and A226 removed 65% and 80% within 28 days, respectively. In the absence of Mn2+, strain A288 did not remove cylindrospermopsin, while the other strains removed 5-16%. The amount of manganese oxidized by the strains during the experiment did not correlate with the amount of cylindrospermopsin removed. However, the mere oxidation of Mn2+ was indispensable for cylindrospermopsin removal. Cylindrospermopsin removal ranging from 0 to 24% by sterile biogenic oxides was observed. Considering the efficient removal of cylindrospermopsin by the tested strains, manganese-oxidizing bacteria might play an important role in cylindrospermopsin removal in the environment. Besides, manganese-oxidizing bacteria could be promising candidates for biotechnological applications for cylindrospermopsin removal in water treatment plants. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd.Veröffentlichung Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf wasserbürtige Infektionen und Intoxikationen(2023) Dupke, Susann; Buchholz, Udo; Fastner, Jutta; Förster, Christina; Selinka, Hans-ChristophDer fortschreitende Klimawandel birgt das Potenzial für eine zunehmende menschliche Gesundheitsgefährdung durch wasserbürtige Infektionen und Intoxikationen, z. B. durch eine Erhöhung von Pathogenkonzentrationen in Gewässern, durch die Ansiedlung neuer Pathogene oder durch mögliche Veränderungen von Erregereigenschaften. Dieser Beitrag stellt exemplarisch einige Beispiele für mögliche Auswirkungen des Klimawandels dar. Nicht-Cholera-Vibrionen kommen natürlicherweise im Meerwasser vor, können sich aber in flachem Wasser bei erhöhter Temperatur erheblich vermehren. Im Falle von Legionellen könnten die Klimaveränderungen durch das Zusammenwirken von warmem und feuchtem Wetter zu temporären oder längerfristig erhöhten Legionellose-Inzidenzen führen. Auch könnten durch wärmeres Kaltwasser oder Senkungen der Temperatur des Warmwassers Bedingungen entstehen, die höheren Legionellenkonzentrationen Vorschub leisten. In nährstoffreichen Gewässern kann es bei Temperatursteigerung zu erhöhten Konzentrationen an toxigenen Cyanobakterien kommen. Durch Starkregenfälle nach Stürmen oder längeren Hitzeperioden mit Trockenheit können humanpathogene Viren vermehrt in Gewässer eingeschwemmt werden. Und auch bei Erregern von Mykosen und fakultativ pathogenen Mikroorganismen besteht bei steigenden Temperaturen eine mögliche Gefährdung für die menschliche Gesundheit. So wurden nach Extremwetterereignissen bereits erhöhte Infektionsraten mit nicht-tuberkulösen Mykobakterien oder Pilzen dokumentiert. Quelle: Dupke S, Buchholz U, Fastner J, Förster C, Frank C et al. (2023): Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf wasserbürtigeInfektionen und Intoxikationen. J Health Monit 8(S3): Seite 67Veröffentlichung Cylindrospermopsins(2021) Humpage, Andrew; Fastner, JuttaVeröffentlichung Mass occurrence of anatoxin-a- and dihydroanatoxin-a-producing tychonema sp. in mesotrophic reservoir mandichosee (River Lech, Germany) as a cause of neurotoxicosis in dogs(2020) Bauer, Franziska; Bartha-Dima, Bernadett; Fastner, JuttaIn August 2019, three dogs died after bathing in or drinking from Mandichosee, a mesotrophic reservoir of the River Lech (Germany). The dogs showed symptoms of neurotoxic poisoning and intoxication with cyanotoxins was considered. Surface blooms were not visible at the time of the incidents. Benthic Tychonema sp., a potential anatoxin-a (ATX)-producing cyanobacterium, was detected in mats growing on the banks, as biofilm on macrophytes and later as aggregations floating on the lake surface. The dogsâ€Ì pathological examinations showed lung and liver lesions. ATX and dihydroanatoxin-a (dhATX) were detected by LC-MS/MS in the stomachs of two dogs and reached concentrations of 563 and 1207 ÃŒg/L, respectively. Anatoxins (sum of ATX and dhATX, ATXs) concentrations in field samples from Mandichosee ranged from 0.1 ÃŒg/L in the open water to 68,000 ÃŒg/L in samples containing a large amount of mat material. Other (neuro)toxic substances were not found. A molecular approach was used to detect toxin genes by PCR and to reveal the cyanobacterial community composition by sequencing. Upstream of Mandichosee, random samples were taken from other Lech reservoirs, uncovering Tychonema and ATXs at several sampling sites. Similar recent findings emphasize the importance of focusing on the investigation of benthic toxic cyanobacteria and applying appropriate monitoring strategies in the future. © 2020 by the authorsVeröffentlichung Coastal and fresh waters(WHO, 2021) Ashbolt, Nicholas J.; Backer, Lorraine C.; Brandão, João; Fastner, Jutta; Szewzyk, Regine; WeltgesundheitsorganisationUse of coastal, estuarine and freshwater recreational environments has significant benefits for health and well-being, including rest, relaxation, exercise, cultural and religious practices, and aesthetic pleasure, while also providing substantial local, regional and national economic benefits. These guidelines focus on water quality management for coastal and freshwater environments to protect public health. The guidelines: describe the current state of knowledge about the possible adverse health impacts of various forms of water pollution; and set out recommendations for setting national health-based targets, conducting surveillance and risk assessments, putting in place systems to monitor and control risks, and providing timely advice to users on water safety. These guidelines are aimed at national and local authorities, and other entities with an obligation to exercise due diligence relating to the safety of recreational water sites. They may be implemented in conjunction with other measures for water safety (such as drowning prevention and sun exposure) and measures for environmental protection of recreational water use sites. Quelle: https://www.who.int/Veröffentlichung Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf wasserbürtige Infektionen und Intoxikationen(2023) Dupke, Susann; Buchholz, Udo; Fastner, Jutta; Förster, Christina; Selinka, Hans-Christoph