Person: Obermaier, Nathan
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Veröffentlichung Occurrence of microplastics in the Danube River - a first screening(2021) Asenova, Mina; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Bednarz, Marius; Kerndorff, Alexander; Obermaier, Nathan; Ricking, MathiasPlastics, and microplastics in particular, are still part of scientific and regulatory discussions. Their inputs from land ultimately end up in the oceans, where they remain for a long time. River systems represent an important path of entry into the oceans. The Danube is the second largest river in Europe and can therefore be an example for the occurrence of plastic in other large river systems. In JDS4 a comprehensive screening of microplastics was carried out over the entire course of the river. Sampling was performed by means of deploying sedimentation boxes into the river for 14 days; followed by thermo-analytical detection (TED-GC/MS) for determination of the total content of various plastic polymers in the collected suspended particulate matter samples. For the first time, a baseline of pollution by microplastics in the Danube River Basin has been established. In all samples almost, all analyzed polymers were detected and quantified, whereas there is no clear trend along the Danube with increasing or decreasing contents. The contents ranged between 0.05 - 22.24, 0.00 - 0.45, 0.00-1.03 and 0.00 3.32 for PE, PP, SBR and PS [(micro)g/mg] SPM, respectively. Quelle: A shared analysis of the Danube River : joint Danube survey 4 ; scientific report / Editors: Igor Liška [and five others]. - Vienna : International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River, 2021. - 1 Onlineresource (562 pages) : Illustrationen. - E-Book; Dateigröße / Dateiumfang: 44,09 MB. - ISBN 978-3-200-07450-7, Seite 487Veröffentlichung Konzeptvorschlag für die Auswahl zu untersuchender Mikroverunreinigungen in kommunalen Abwässern mittels physiko-chemischer Untersuchungsverfahren(2022) Braun, Ulrike; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Lukas, Marcus; Bachem, Gunnar; Obermaier, Nathan; Ricking, MathiasVeröffentlichung Mikroplastik-Analytik - Probenahme, Probenaufbereitung und Detektionsverfahren(Deutschland. Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, 2020) Braun, Ulrike; Altmann, Korinna; Bannik, Claus G.; Obermaier, Nathan; Ricking, Mathias; Stein, Ulf; Schritt, HannesDas Statuspapier fasst die Inhalte der Verbundprojekt-übergreifenden Diskussionen und Abstimmungen innerhalb des Querschnittsthemas (QST) "Analytik und Referenzmaterialien" des Forschungsschwerpunkts Plastik in der Umwelt zusammen. Die vorliegenden Verfahrensempfehlungen beruhen auf dem aktuellen Wissensstand zur Analytik von MP und richtet sich an Akteur*innen in der Wissenschaft als auch Anwender*innen in der Praxis. Die vorliegende Fassung wurde aus dem Diskussionspapier (Link Dokument Stand Oktober 2018) entwickelt. Dieser kontinuierliche Entwicklungs- oder Erarbeitungsprozess wurde durch eine Reihe von Veranstaltungen zwischen 2018 und 2020 innerhalb des Forschungsschwerpunktes organisatorisch untermauert. Motivation dieses Statuspapiers ist es, die im Forschungsschwerpunkt "Plastik in der Umwelt" verwendeten physikochemischen Untersuchungsverfahren zur Analytik von Mikroplastik zusammenzuführen. Dadurch sollen möglichst validierte Methoden und vergleichbare Ergebnisse in den verschiedenen Projekten für die jeweils spezifische Fragestellung erreicht werden - insbesondere für zukünftige Projekte. Am Ende soll ein möglichst einheitlicher Methodenpool für die relevanten Fragestellungen in Wissenschaft, Wirtschaft und Verwaltung zur Verfügung stehen. © bmf-plastik.deVeröffentlichung Microplastics in the Danube River Basin: a first comprehensive screening with harmonized analytical approach(2022) Braun, Ulrike; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Bednarz, Marius; Kerndorf, Alexander; Lukas, Marcus; Obermaier, Nathan; Ricking, MathiasIn this study, carried out within the Joint Danube Survey 4, a comprehensive microplastic screening in the water column within a large European river basin from its source to estuary, including major tributaries, was realized. The objective was to develop principles of a systematic and practicable microplastic monitoring strategy using sedimentation boxes for collection of suspended particulate matter followed by its subsequent analysis using thermal extraction desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In total, 18 sampling sites in the Danube River Basin were investigated. The obtained suspended particulate matter samples were subdivided into the fractions of >100 mikrom and <100 mikrom and subsequently analyzed for microplastic mass contents. The results showed that microplastics were detected in all samples, with polyethylene being the predominant polymer with maximum contents of 22.24 mikrog/mg, 3.23 mikrog/mg for polystyrene, 1.03 mikrog/mg for styrene-butadiene-rubber, and 0.45 mikrog/mg for polypropylene. Further, polymers such as different sorts of polyester, polyacrylates, polylactide, and natural rubber were not detected or below the detection limit. Additional investigations on possible interference of polyethylene signals by algae-derived fatty acids were assessed. In the context of targeted monitoring, repeated measurements provide more certainty in the interpretation of the results for the individual sites. Nevertheless, it can be stated that the chosen approach using an integrative sampling and determination of total plastic content proved to be successful. © 2022 The AuthorsVeröffentlichung Development and testing of a fractionated filtration for sampling of microplastics in water(2019) Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Obermaier, Nathan; Ricking, Mathias; Schniegler, Sara; Szewzyk, Regine; Barthel, Anne-KathrinA harmonization of sampling, sample preparation and detection is pivotal in order to obtain comparable data on microplastics (MP) in the environment. This paper develops and proposes a suitable sampling concept for waterbodies that considers different plastic specific properties and influencing factors in the environment. Both artificial water including defined MP fractions and the discharge of a wastewater treatment plant were used to verify the derived sampling procedure, sample preparation and the subsequent analysis of MP using thermal extraction-desorption gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (TED-GC-MS). A major finding of this paper is that an application of various particle size classes greatly improves the practical handling of the sampling equipment. Size classes also enable the TED-GC-MS to provide any data on the MP size distribution, a substantial sampling property affecting both the necessary sampling volume and the optimal sampling depth. In the artificial body of water with defined MP fractions, the recovery rates ranged from 80-110%, depending on the different MP types and MP size classes. In the wastewater discharge, we found both polyethylene and polystyrene in different size classes and quantities. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Veröffentlichung Analysis of microplastics - sampling, preparation and detection(Deutschland. Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, 2021) Braun, Ulrike; Altmann, Korinna; Bannik, Claus G.; Obermaier, Nathan; Ricking, Mathias; Stein, Ulf; Schritt, HannesThis status report was prepared within the framework of the cross-cutting topic 1 "Analytics and reference materials" of the research focus. It summarizes the contents of the project discussions and coordination within the cross-cutting issue. The organization of this ongoing process of development or elaboration has been supported by several events. The status report presents a summary of the physicochemical methods for the analysis of MP used in the research focus "Plastics in the Environment". The present recommendations are based on the current state of knowledge of the analysis of MP and are directed at actors in science as well as potential users in practice © bmf-plastik.deVeröffentlichung A simple model approach for the desorption of DDT and related compounds from contaminated sediment to plastic polymers(2021) Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Kerndorff, Alexander; Braun, Ulrike; Obermaier, Nathan; Ricking, MathiasVeröffentlichung Development of a routine screening method for the microplastic mass content in a wastewater treatment plant effluent(2022) Goedecke, Caroline; Eisentraut, Paul; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Altmann, Korinna; Barthel, Anne-Kathrin; Obermaier, Nathan; Braun, Ulrike; Ricking, MathiasAn investigation of microplastic (MP) occurrence in a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent with tertiary treatment was carried out. Representative sample volumes of 1 m3 were taken by applying a fractionated filtration method (500, 100, and 50 (micro)m mesh sizes). The detection of MP mass fractions by thermal extraction desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TED-GC/MS) was achieved without the previously required additional sample pretreatment for the first time. Different types of quantification methods for the evaluation of TED-GC/MS data were tested, and their accuracy and feasibility have been proven for real samples. Polyethylene, polystyrene, and polypropylene were identified in effluent samples. The polymer mass content varied significantly between 5 and 50 mg m-3. A correlation between the MP load and the quantity of suspended matter in the WWTP effluents, particle size distribution, particle type, and operation day (i.e., weekday, season, and capacity) was not found. It can be concluded that a meaningful assessment of WWTPs requires a comprehensive sampling campaign with varying operation conditions. © 2022 The Authors