Person: Bannick, Claus Gerhard
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Claus Gerhard
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Veröffentlichung Plastik in Böden: Einträge, Verhalten und Verbleib(2022) Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Bauerfeld, Katrin; Bednarz, Marius; Braun, UlrikeVeröffentlichung Occurrence of microplastics in the Danube River - a first screening(2021) Asenova, Mina; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Bednarz, Marius; Kerndorff, Alexander; Obermaier, Nathan; Ricking, MathiasPlastics, and microplastics in particular, are still part of scientific and regulatory discussions. Their inputs from land ultimately end up in the oceans, where they remain for a long time. River systems represent an important path of entry into the oceans. The Danube is the second largest river in Europe and can therefore be an example for the occurrence of plastic in other large river systems. In JDS4 a comprehensive screening of microplastics was carried out over the entire course of the river. Sampling was performed by means of deploying sedimentation boxes into the river for 14 days; followed by thermo-analytical detection (TED-GC/MS) for determination of the total content of various plastic polymers in the collected suspended particulate matter samples. For the first time, a baseline of pollution by microplastics in the Danube River Basin has been established. In all samples almost, all analyzed polymers were detected and quantified, whereas there is no clear trend along the Danube with increasing or decreasing contents. The contents ranged between 0.05 - 22.24, 0.00 - 0.45, 0.00-1.03 and 0.00 3.32 for PE, PP, SBR and PS [(micro)g/mg] SPM, respectively. Quelle: A shared analysis of the Danube River : joint Danube survey 4 ; scientific report / Editors: Igor Liška [and five others]. - Vienna : International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River, 2021. - 1 Onlineresource (562 pages) : Illustrationen. - E-Book; Dateigröße / Dateiumfang: 44,09 MB. - ISBN 978-3-200-07450-7, Seite 487Veröffentlichung Garment ageing in a Laundry care process under household-like conditions(2023) Heller, Claudia; Altmann, Korinna; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Braun, Ulrike; Kerndorff, AlexanderThis study reflects typical consumer textile washing behaviour while taking into account existing standards in the household appliance and garment industries. Two garments were washed repeatedly with artificial dirt and detergent 30 times. The collected washing water was separated using fractional filtration. Textile physical tests were used to follow property changes of the garments, the microplastic release is determined using thermoextraction/desorbtionâ€Ìgas chromatography/mass spectrometry and the total organic carbon was measured as a sum parameter for the organic bonded carbon. This article shows the importance of a reality-based approach when investigating microplastics of textile origin in the laundry care process. Deposits of detergent and dirt on the textiles were detected. The total mass of sieve residues was much higher than the release of synthetic polymers. The cotton content of the garments causes a much higher fibre release than synthetic fibres. Both will lead to false results by purely gravimetric analysis because nonpolymer fibres will be included microplastic mass. The results cannot be generalised only by the main polymer type, knowledge of the textile construction must be included for final evaluation. © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.Veröffentlichung Microplastics in the Danube River Basin: a first comprehensive screening with harmonized analytical approach(2022) Braun, Ulrike; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Bednarz, Marius; Kerndorf, Alexander; Lukas, Marcus; Obermaier, Nathan; Ricking, MathiasIn this study, carried out within the Joint Danube Survey 4, a comprehensive microplastic screening in the water column within a large European river basin from its source to estuary, including major tributaries, was realized. The objective was to develop principles of a systematic and practicable microplastic monitoring strategy using sedimentation boxes for collection of suspended particulate matter followed by its subsequent analysis using thermal extraction desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In total, 18 sampling sites in the Danube River Basin were investigated. The obtained suspended particulate matter samples were subdivided into the fractions of >100 mikrom and <100 mikrom and subsequently analyzed for microplastic mass contents. The results showed that microplastics were detected in all samples, with polyethylene being the predominant polymer with maximum contents of 22.24 mikrog/mg, 3.23 mikrog/mg for polystyrene, 1.03 mikrog/mg for styrene-butadiene-rubber, and 0.45 mikrog/mg for polypropylene. Further, polymers such as different sorts of polyester, polyacrylates, polylactide, and natural rubber were not detected or below the detection limit. Additional investigations on possible interference of polyethylene signals by algae-derived fatty acids were assessed. In the context of targeted monitoring, repeated measurements provide more certainty in the interpretation of the results for the individual sites. Nevertheless, it can be stated that the chosen approach using an integrative sampling and determination of total plastic content proved to be successful. © 2022 The AuthorsVeröffentlichung A simple model approach for the desorption of DDT and related compounds from contaminated sediment to plastic polymers(2021) Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Kerndorff, Alexander; Braun, Ulrike; Obermaier, Nathan; Ricking, MathiasVeröffentlichung Widening the European Green Deal's perspective towards a sustainable Europe(Umweltbundesamt, 2021) Neßhöver, Carsten; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Beckert, Barbara; Claussen, Ulrich; Doyle, Ulrike; Eckermann, Frauke; Frische, Tobias; Haße, Clemens; Günther, Jens; Hollweg, Beate; Huckestein, Burkhard; Janitzek, Timmo; Kabel, Claudia; Jering, Almut; Keßler, Hermann; Klatt, Anne; Knoche, Guido; Köder, Lea; Koller, Matthias; Krause, Bernd; Kreuser, Margarethe; Lindenthal, Alexandra; Löwe, Christian; Manstein, Christopher; Matthey, Astrid; Meurer, Doris; Mohaupt, Volker; Mutert, Tina; Obermaier, Nathan; Pieper, Silvia; Plickert, Sebastian; Rechenberg, Jörg; Reichart, Almut; Rönnefahrt, Ines; Schulte, Christoph; Schweitzer, Christian; Spengler, Laura; Stolzenberg, Hans-Christian; Suhr, Michael; Töpfer, Christoph; Unnerstall, Herwig; Deutschland. UmweltbundesamtThe European Green Deal, published by the European Commission in 2019, represents a new and ambitious approach to put environment and sustainability at the heart of European policy. Its ambitions are high, yet the planned measures might not be sufficient to actually meet them. The report analyzes the European Green Deal from the perspective of the German Environment Agency and places it in the context of the global challenge of achieving the United Nations' sustainable development goals. In addition to necessary measures in the thematic fields of the European Green Deal, the report also addresses the structural adjustments needed as key levers to achieve the desired goals. The report concludes that the European Green Deal is an important step forward, but that further efforts beyond those described there are still needed in order to achieve a sustainable Europe. Quelle: www.umweltbundesamt.deVeröffentlichung Mikroplastik im Wasserkreislauf(Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin, 2020) Jekel, Martin; Anger, Philipp; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Barthel, Anne-Kathrin; Grummt, Tamara; Kuckelkorn, Jochen; Obermaier, Nathan; Ruhl, Aki Sebastian; Strobel, Claudia; Technische Universität Berlin. Fachgebiet Wasserreinhaltung; Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfungDas interdisziplinäre Forschungsprojekt MiWa widmete sich grundlegenden Fragestellungen zur Analytik und Wirkung von Mikroplastik-Partikeln im Wasserkreislauf. Es wurden Methoden der Umweltprobennahme, der Probenaufbereitung und verschiedene Detektionsverfahren zur Charakterisierung und Quantifizierung von Mikroplastik intensiv untersucht, miteinander verglichen und weiterentwickelt. Öko- und humantoxikologische Untersuchungen dienten dem Zweck, die potenziell von Mikroplastik ausgehende Gefährdung für die aquatische Umwelt und den Menschen zu analysieren und zu bewerten. Eine Harmonisierung und Standardisierung von Methoden der Probennahme, Probenaufbereitung und Mikroplastik-Detektion sind trotz der erheblichen Fortschritte derzeit nur teilweise möglich. Die ökotoxikologischen Studien zeigen zwar die Aufnahme von Mikroplastik-Partikeln durch einige Organismen, jedoch konnte bisher keine schädigende Wirkung nachgewiesen werden. Dabei wurden für eine Auswahl aquatischer Modellspezies sowohl Szenarien direkter als auch indirekter Exposition innerhalb einer Nahrungskette betrachtet. Interaktionen mit menschlichen Modellzellen wurden bislang nur bei Mikroplastik-Partikeln mit Größen weit unterhalb von 1 Ìm (also Nanoplastik) beobachtet. Eine umfassende Bewertung ist bislang nicht möglich. Quelle: https://depositonce.tu-berlin.deVeröffentlichung Development of a routine screening method for the microplastic mass content in a wastewater treatment plant effluent(2022) Goedecke, Caroline; Eisentraut, Paul; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Altmann, Korinna; Barthel, Anne-Kathrin; Obermaier, Nathan; Braun, Ulrike; Ricking, MathiasAn investigation of microplastic (MP) occurrence in a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent with tertiary treatment was carried out. Representative sample volumes of 1 m3 were taken by applying a fractionated filtration method (500, 100, and 50 (micro)m mesh sizes). The detection of MP mass fractions by thermal extraction desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TED-GC/MS) was achieved without the previously required additional sample pretreatment for the first time. Different types of quantification methods for the evaluation of TED-GC/MS data were tested, and their accuracy and feasibility have been proven for real samples. Polyethylene, polystyrene, and polypropylene were identified in effluent samples. The polymer mass content varied significantly between 5 and 50 mg m-3. A correlation between the MP load and the quantity of suspended matter in the WWTP effluents, particle size distribution, particle type, and operation day (i.e., weekday, season, and capacity) was not found. It can be concluded that a meaningful assessment of WWTPs requires a comprehensive sampling campaign with varying operation conditions. © 2022 The AuthorsVeröffentlichung Konzeptvorschlag für die Auswahl zu untersuchender Mikroverunreinigungen in kommunalen Abwässern mittels physiko-chemischer Untersuchungsverfahren(2022) Braun, Ulrike; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Lukas, Marcus; Bachem, Gunnar; Obermaier, Nathan; Ricking, MathiasVeröffentlichung A promising approach to monitor microplastic masses in composts(2023) Wiesner, Yosri; Bannick, Claus Gerhard; Bednarz, Marius; Braun, Ulrike; Ricking, MathiasInputs of plastic impurities into the environment via the application of fertilizers are regulated in Germany and the EU by means of ordinances. Robust and fast analytical methods are the basis of legal regulations. Currently, only macro- and large microplastic contents (>1 mm) are measured. Microplastics, are not yet monitored. Thermal analytical methods are suitable for this purpose, which can determine the mass content and can also be operated fully automatically in routine mode. Thermal extraction desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TED-GC/MS) allows the identification of polymers and the determination of mass contents in solid samples from natural environments. In accordance with the German or European Commission (EC) Fertiliser Ordinance, composting plants should be monitored for microplastic particles with this method in the future. In this context a compost plant was sampled. At the end of the rotting process, the compost was sieved and separated in a coarse (>1 mm) and a fine fraction (<1 mm). The fine fraction was processed using density separation comparing NaCl and NaI as possible salt alternative and screened for microplastic masses by TED-GC/MS with additional validation and quality assurance experiments. With TED-GC/MS total microplastics mass contents of 1.1-3.0 g/mg in finished compost could be detected with polyethylene mainly. What differs much to the total mass of plastics in the coarse fraction with up to 60 ug/mg, which were visually searched, identified via ATR-FTIR and gravimetrically weighted. © 2023 Wiesner, Bednarz, Braun, Bannick, Ricking and Altmann.