Auflistung nach Autor:in "Herrchen, Monika"
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Veröffentlichung Consideration of disinfection by-products in the environmental risk assessment of biocidal products-inventory & development of recommendations for the assessment(Umweltbundesamt, 2023) Hüben, Michael; Klein, Michael; Herrchen, Monika; Fraunhofer-Institut für Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie; Deutschland. Umweltbundesamt; Kehrer-Berger, Anja; Wieck, StefanieIm ersten Teil des Projektes wurde eine Zusammenstellung von Daten zu Desinfektionsnebenprodukten (DBPs) sowie den in der EU zugelassenen und im Zulassungsverfahren befindlichen bioziden Wirkstoffen aus den Produkttypen (PTs) 1-5, 11 und 12 erstellt. Die Daten zu den DBPs resultierten aus einer Literaturrecherche, bei der 272 DBPs identifiziert wurden. In der tabellarischen Zusammenfassung wurden neben den Substanzdaten die jeweils eingesetzten Wirkstoffe und die behandelte Matrix festgehalten. Hierbei wurde ein starker Fokus der wissenschaftlichen Literatur auf die Untersuchung stark reaktiver, vor allem chlorierender Wirkstoffe in wässriger Lösung festgestellt. Die Liste der bioziden Wirkstoffe wurde der ECHA Datenbank entnommen (Stand Juli 2019). Es wurde eine Kategorisierung der bioziden Wirkstoffe erarbeitet und anhand dieser Kategorisierung das DBP-Bildungspotential jedes Wirkstoffes bewertet. In einem Modellierungsansatz wurde die Verteilung ausgewählter DBPs und biozider Wirkstoffe in den Kompartimenten Wasser und Luft bei Anwendungen in Lösung sowie auf Oberflächen und die Verteilung in Wasser und Klärschlamm in einer Kläranlage abgeschätzt. Hierbei zeigten sich in den meisten Fällen signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Verteilungen der DBPs und der Wirkstoffe. In Laborsimulationen von Desinfektionsanwendungen in Lösung und auf Oberflächen mit verschiedenen Wirkstoffen wurde die Bildung von ca. 60 DBPs untersucht. Zusätzlich wurden Proben aus reellen Desinfektionsanwendungen analysiert. Anhand der Projektergebnisse wurde im letzten Projektabschnitt die aktuelle Vorgehensweise zu Risikobewertung der DBPs analysiert und es wurden Vorschläge zur Modifikation diskutiert, die eine Vereinfachung und Harmonisierung der Risikobewertung der DBPs innerhalb der EU zum Ziel haben. Quelle: ForschungsberichtVeröffentlichung Environmental risk assessment of veterinary medicines(2013) Deutschland. Umweltbundesamt; Kühnen, Ute; Ebert, Ina; Berkner, Silvia; Simon, Markus; Herrchen, Monika; Förster, Bernard; Graf, Nadin; Römbke, JörgEnvironmental effects of veterinary medicines are assessed according to the guidelines of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the VICH GL 38 (ECOTOXICITY PHASE II). According to the guideline a terrestrial plant test in phase II is required because residues of pharmaceuticals release with dung and manure from treated animals on agriculture land. The terrestrial plant test is conducted using thestandardisedtest protocol OECD 208 (Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test).
The current regulations take into account only the parent compound and not transformation products and NER (Non Extractable Residues). That might result in incorrect estimation of risk in case of substances applied on agricultural soils with manure. For these substances the German Federal Environmental Agency (UBA) has thus initiated a research project to develop a special terrestrial plant test with a more realistic exposure scenario. In order to evaluate the potential phytotoxicity of transformation products and NER the test substance is applied in manure and stored over a defined period prior to testing. After storing this mixture is tested in a standard terrestrial plant test according to OECD 208. The approach is currently developed with different plant species, different manures and storing periods by two research partners:Fraunhofer IME Schmallenberg and ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH Flörsheim. The poster presents the regulatory background of this special plant testing approach and first results of the research project.
Quelle: ©Ute KühnenVeröffentlichung Harmonization of environmental exposure assessment for veterinary pharmaceuticals and bio-cides(2016) Herrchen, Monika; Hennecke, Dieter; Junker, Thomas; Fraunhofer-Institut für Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie; ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH (Flörsheim am Main); Deutschland. Umweltbundesamt; Berkner, Silvia; Konradi, SabineThe spread of veterinary medicinal products (VMP) and biocides onto agriculturally used areas represents a very important path of entry into the environment for these product groups. For this reason, current guidance (e.g. „Guideline on determining the fate of veterinary medicinal products in manure“ (EMA/CVMP/ERA/430327/2009) (EMA, 2011) stipulates experimental studies on transformation of VMPs and biocides in manure. However, the documents only contain basic regulatory requirements, whereas an experimental test guideline is still missing, both on EU and OECD level. To allow for a consistent assessment of studies within the registration process, a harmonized internationally accepted and validated test method is needed.A draft test guideline was developed within a previous R&D-Project “Development of test guidance for transformation of veterinary pharmaceuticals and biocides in liquid manure” (FKZ 3710 67 422) (Hennecke et al., 2015). The experimental method was examined and revised by an intra-laboratory comparison as well as an international inter-laboratory comparison (pre-validation ring test).In the present project, an international ring test has been performed and evaluated testing a veterinary medicinal product (florfenicol) in pig manure and a biocide (imidacloprid) in cattle manure. Moreover, two international workshops were organized; one at the beginning in connection with proceeding project (FKZ 3710 67 422) and one at the end of the project to discuss and evaluate the ring test. Based on the experimental results of the ring test as well as discussions and conclusions of both workshops, a revised draft test guideline was prepared.Veröffentlichung Integrative test strategy for the environmental assessment of nanomaterials(2015) Hund-Rinke, Kerstin; Herrchen, Monika; Schlich, Karsten; Fraunhofer-Institut für Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie; Deutschland. UmweltbundesamtCurrently there are no testing and assessment strategies for environmental fate and effects taking the specific properties and behaviour of engineered nanomaterials into account. Therefore, the project objective was to develop a strategy for the investigation of ecotoxicity and environmental fate that allows the consideration of nano-specific effects within the environmental risk assessment of nanomaterials. For the development of the test strategy, both the results of "classic" assessment as well as those of recognized non-standardized endpoints were taken into account. For this analysis environmental fate and effects were addressed separately. Furthermore, the discussions of national and international level, e.g. the conclusions of the expert meeting on Ecotoxicology and Environmental fate of the OECD Working Party on Manufactured Nanomaterials were taken into account. The test strategy considers various levels of test complexity as they are to be used in a tiered risk assessment scheme on the basis of a full life-cycle assessment. For the environmental risk assessment approach, the use of mathematical models and trigger values to either stop the procedure or proceed to the next tier is included. The presented test strategy features an overarching approach to test and assess fate and effects of NM while considering the specific challenges when investigating the potential environmental impact of NM.
Quelle: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/Veröffentlichung Results of extended plant tests using more realistic exposure scenarios for improving environmental risk assessment of veterinary pharmaceuticals(2016) Richter, Elisabeth; Berkner, Silvia; Ebert, Ina; Förster, Bernhard; Graf, Nadine; Herrchen, Monika; Kühnen, Ute; Römbke, Jörg; Simon, Markus