Person: Selinka, Hans-Christoph
Lade...
E-Mail-Adresse
Geburtsdatum
Forschungsvorhaben
Organisationseinheiten
Berufsbeschreibung
Nachname
Selinka
Vorname
Hans-Christoph
Name
12 Ergebnisse
Suchergebnisse
Gerade angezeigt 1 - 10 von 12
Veröffentlichung Impact of climate change on waterborne infections and intoxications(2023) Dupke, Susann; Buchholz, Udo; Fastner, Jutta; Förster, Christina; Selinka, Hans-ChristophProgressive climate change holds the potential for increasing human health risks from waterborne infections and intoxications, e. g. through an increase in pathogen concentrations in water bodies, through the establishment of new pathogens or through possible changes in pathogen properties. This paper presents some examples of potential impacts of climate change in Germany. Non-cholera Vibrio occur naturally in seawater, but can proliferate significantly in shallow water at elevated temperatures. In the case of Legionella, climate change could lead to temporary or longer-term increased incidences of legionellosis due to the combination of warm and wet weather. Higher temperatures in piped cold water or lower temperatures in piped hot water may also create conditions conducive to higher Legionella concentrations. In nutrient- rich water bodies, increased concentrations of toxigenic cyanobacteria may occur as temperatures rise. Heavy rainfall following storms or prolonged periods of heat and drought can lead to increased levels of human pathogenic viruses being washed into water bodies. Rising temperatures also pose a potential threat to human health through pathogens causing mycoses and facultatively pathogenic micro-organisms: increased infection rates with non-tuberculous mycobacteria or fungi have been documented after extreme weather events. Quelle: Dupke S, Buchholz U, Fastner J, Förster C, Frank C et al. (2023): Impact of climate change on waterborne infections and intoxications. J Health Monit 8(S3): page 62Veröffentlichung Detection and characterization of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in wastewater and urban surface waters in Germany(2020) Beyer, Sophia; Gnirrs, Regina; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Szewzyk, RegineIn highly populated areas, environmental surveillance of wastewater and surface waters is a key factor to control the circulation of viruses and risks for public health. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 is considered as an emerging pathogen in industrialized countries. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of HEV in environmental waters in urban and suburban regions in Germany. HEV was monitored in water samples using quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) and nested RT-PCR without or with virus concentration via polyethylene glycol precipitation or ultracentrifugation. By RT-qPCR, 84-100% of influent samples of wastewater treatment plants were positive for HEV RNA. Genotypes HEV-3c and 3f were identified in wastewater, with HEV-3c being the most prevalent genotype. These data correlate with subtypes identified earlier in patients from the same area. Comparison of wastewater influent and effluent samples revealed a reduction of HEV RNA of about 1 log10 during passage through wastewater treatment plants. In addition, combined sewer overflows (CSOs) after heavy rainfalls were shown to release HEV RNA into surface waters. About 75% of urban river samples taken during these CSO events were positive for HEV RNA by RT-qPCR. In contrast, under normal weather conditions, only around 30% of river samples and 15% of samples from a bathing water located at an urban river were positive for HEV. Median concentrations of HEV RNA of all tested samples at this bathing water were below the limit of detection. Source: https://link.springer.comVeröffentlichung Exploring surface water as a transmission medium of avian influenza viruses - systematic infection studies in mallards(2022) Ahrens, Ann Kathrin; Mettenleiter, Thomas C.; Selinka, Hans-ChristophMallards (Anas platyrhynchos) are an abundant anseriform migratory wild bird species worldwide and an important reservoir for the maintenance of low pathogenicity (LP) avian influenza viruses (AIV). They have also been implicated in the spread of high pathogenicity (HP) AIV after spill-over events from HPAIV-infected poultry. The spread of HPAIV within wild water bird populations may lead to viral contamination of natural habitats. The role of small shallow water bodies as a transmission medium of AIV among mallards is investigated here in three experimental settings. (i) Delayed onset but rapid progression of infection seeded by two mallards inoculated with either LP or HP AIV to each eight sentinel mallards was observed in groups with access to a small 100 L water pool. In contrast, groups with a bell drinker as the sole source of drinking water showed a rapid onset but lengthened course of infection. (ii) HPAIV infection also set off when virus was dispersed in the water pool; titres as low as 102 TCID50 L-1 (translating to 0.1 TCID50 mL-1) proved to be sufficient. (iii) Substantial loads of viral RNA (and infectivity) were also found on the surface of the birds' breast plumage. "Unloading" of virus infectivity from contaminated plumage into water bodies may be an efficient mechanism of virus spread by infected mallards. However, transposure of HPAIV via the plumage of an uninfected mallard failed. We conclude, surface water in small shallow water bodies may play an important role as a mediator of AIV infection of aquatic wild birds. © 2022 The Author(s)Veröffentlichung Picorna-like viruses of the Havel River, Germany(2022) Zell, Roland; Groth, Marco; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Selinka, LukasTo improve the understanding of the virome diversity of riverine ecosystems in metropolitan areas, a metagenome analysis was performed with water collected in June 2018 from the river Havel in Berlin, Germany. After enrichment of virus particles and RNA extraction, paired-end Illumina sequencing was conducted and assignment to virus groups and families was performed. This paper focuses on picorna-like viruses, the most diverse and abundant group of viruses with impact on human, animal, and environmental health. Here, we describe altogether 166 viral sequences ranging in size from 1 to 11.5†kb. The 71 almost complete genomes are comprised of one candidate iflavirus, one picornavirus, two polycipiviruses, 27 marnaviruses, 27 dicistro-like viruses, and 13 untypeable viruses. Many partial picorna-like virus sequences up to 10.2†kb were also investigated. The sequences of the Havel picorna-like viruses represent genomes of seven of eight so far known Picornavirales families. Detection of numerous distantly related dicistroviruses suggests the existence of additional, yet unexplored virus groups with dicistronic genomes, including few viruses with unusual genome layout. Of special interest is a clade of dicistronic viruses with capsid protein-encoding sequences at the 5'-end of the genome. Also, monocistronic viruses with similarity of their polymerase and capsid proteins to those of dicistroviruses are interesting. A second protein with NTP-binding site present in the polyprotein of solinviviruses and related viruses needs further attention. The results underline the importance to study the viromes of fluvial ecosystems. So far acknowledged marnaviruses have been isolated from marine organisms. However, the present study and available sequence data suggest that rivers and limnic habitats are relevant ecosystems with circulation of marnaviruses as well as a plethora of unknown picorna-like viruses. © 2022 Zell, Groth, Selinka and SelinkaVeröffentlichung Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf wasserbürtige Infektionen und Intoxikationen(2023) Dupke, Susann; Buchholz, Udo; Fastner, Jutta; Förster, Christina; Selinka, Hans-ChristophDer fortschreitende Klimawandel birgt das Potenzial für eine zunehmende menschliche Gesundheitsgefährdung durch wasserbürtige Infektionen und Intoxikationen, z. B. durch eine Erhöhung von Pathogenkonzentrationen in Gewässern, durch die Ansiedlung neuer Pathogene oder durch mögliche Veränderungen von Erregereigenschaften. Dieser Beitrag stellt exemplarisch einige Beispiele für mögliche Auswirkungen des Klimawandels dar. Nicht-Cholera-Vibrionen kommen natürlicherweise im Meerwasser vor, können sich aber in flachem Wasser bei erhöhter Temperatur erheblich vermehren. Im Falle von Legionellen könnten die Klimaveränderungen durch das Zusammenwirken von warmem und feuchtem Wetter zu temporären oder längerfristig erhöhten Legionellose-Inzidenzen führen. Auch könnten durch wärmeres Kaltwasser oder Senkungen der Temperatur des Warmwassers Bedingungen entstehen, die höheren Legionellenkonzentrationen Vorschub leisten. In nährstoffreichen Gewässern kann es bei Temperatursteigerung zu erhöhten Konzentrationen an toxigenen Cyanobakterien kommen. Durch Starkregenfälle nach Stürmen oder längeren Hitzeperioden mit Trockenheit können humanpathogene Viren vermehrt in Gewässer eingeschwemmt werden. Und auch bei Erregern von Mykosen und fakultativ pathogenen Mikroorganismen besteht bei steigenden Temperaturen eine mögliche Gefährdung für die menschliche Gesundheit. So wurden nach Extremwetterereignissen bereits erhöhte Infektionsraten mit nicht-tuberkulösen Mykobakterien oder Pilzen dokumentiert. Quelle: Dupke S, Buchholz U, Fastner J, Förster C, Frank C et al. (2023): Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf wasserbürtigeInfektionen und Intoxikationen. J Health Monit 8(S3): Seite 67Veröffentlichung Hepeliviruses in two waterbodies in Berlin, Germany(2022) Zell, Roland; Groth, Marco; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Selinka, LukasThe order Hepelivirales comprises RNA viruses of four families (Alphatetraviridae, Benyviridae, Hepeviridae, and Matonaviridae). Sequencing of virus genomes from water samples from the Havel River and the Teltow Canal (Teltowkanal) in Berlin, Germany, revealed 25 almost complete and 68 partial genomes of viruses presumably belonging to the order Hepelivirales. Only one of these viruses exhibited a relationship to a known member of this order. The members of one virus clade have a polymerase with a permuted order of the conserved palm subdomain motifs resembling the polymerases of permutotetraviruses and birnaviruses. Overall, our study further demonstrates the diversity of hepeliviruses and indicates the enzootic prevalence of hepeliviruses in unknown hosts. © 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AGVeröffentlichung Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf wasserbürtige Infektionen und Intoxikationen(2023) Dupke, Susann; Buchholz, Udo; Fastner, Jutta; Förster, Christina; Selinka, Hans-ChristophVeröffentlichung Planungsoptionen und Technologien der Wasserwiederverwendung zur Stützung der Trinkwasserversorgung in urbanen Wasserkreisläufen (TrinkWave)(2020) Drewes, Jörg E.; Hübner, Uwe; Karakurt-Fischer, Sema; Kuckelkorn, Jochen; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Rien, Christian; Szewzyk, Regine; Technische Universität München. Lehrstuhl für SiedlungswasserwirtschaftVeröffentlichung Lüftungskonzepte in Schulen zur Prävention einer Übertragung hochinfektiöser Viren (SARS-CoV-2) über Aerosole in der Raumluft(2021) Birmili, Wolfram; Daniels, Anja; Moriske, Heinz-Jörn; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Straff, WolfgangAller Kenntnis nach spielen die mit der Atmung ausgeschiedenen Aerosolpartikel eine wichtige Rolle bei der Verbreitung des 2019 erstmalig aufgetretenen Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, insbesondere im Rahmen menschlicher Zusammenkünfte in Innenräumen. Diese Arbeit fasst die für den Schulbetrieb relevanten Sachverhalte und Maßnahmen zur Verminderung von Infektionen über den Aerosolpfad zusammen. Eine wichtige Maßnahme ist die Verstärkung der Raumlüftung, d. h. der Austausch möglicherweise kontaminierter Innenraumluft mit Außenluft. Neben der Verminderung der Konzentration infektiöser Aerosole ist Lüftung unabdingbar zur Abfuhr des in Klassenräumen erzeugten Kohlendioxids, der Luftfeuchte und anderer chemischer Stoffe in der Innenraumluft. Unabhängig von Lüftung erweist sich das Tragen von Mund-Nasen-Masken (medizinische Masken bzw. filtrierende Halbmasken) als wirksame Maßnahme. Eine für virushaltige Partikel wirksame Luftreinigung durch feste bzw. mobile Anlagen kann die genannten Maßnahmen unterstützen bzw. in Fällen aushelfen, wenn Räume trotz schlechter Lüftungsmöglichkeit genutzt werden müssen. Der Artikel gibt den Stand des Wissens im Oktober 2021 über verschiedene technische Schutzmaßnahmen wieder, die sich seit Beginn der Pandemie als sinnvoll erwiesen haben, wobei der Fokus auf der Reduzierung von indirekten Infektionen liegt. Neu hinzukommende Varianten von SARS-CoV-2, der Fortschritt der Impfkampagne bei Kindern und Jugendlichen sowie die Zunahme der allgemeinen Immunität werden möglicherweise eine Neubewertung der Maßnahmen erfordern. Neben kurzfristigen und schnell wirksamen Maßnahmen zum Infektionsschutz erscheint es auch geboten, die in Deutschland existierenden Defizite bei Raum- und Gebäudelüftung an Schulen durch eine langfristige Strategie zu beheben. Im Sinne einer dauerhaften Verbesserung der Innenraumluft und der Prävention gegen künftige luftübertragene Infektionskrankheiten erscheint die zunehmende Ausstattung von Schulen mit fest installierten Lüftungsanlagen bzw. raumlufttechnischen Anlagen - mit Option auf Wärme- und Feuchterückgewinnung - als nachhaltige gesellschaftliche Investition. © AutorenVeröffentlichung Investigating environmental matrices for use in avian influenza virus surveillance - surface water, sediments, and avian fecal samples(2023) Ahrens, Ann Kathrin; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Wylezich, ClaudiaSurveillance of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in wild water bird populations is important for early warning to protect poultry from incursions of high-pathogenicity (HP) AIV. Access to individual water birds is difficult and restricted and limits sampling depth. Here, we focused on environmental samples such as surface water, sediments, and environmentally deposited fresh avian feces as matrices for AIV detection. Enrichment of viral particles by ultrafiltration of 10-L surface water samples using Rexeed-25-A devices was validated using a bacteriophage Phi 6 internal control system, and AIV detection was attempted using real-time RT-PCR and virus isolation. While validation runs suggested an average enrichment of about 60-fold, lower values of 10 to 15 were observed for field water samples. In total 25/36 (60%) of water samples and 18/36 (50%) of corresponding sediment samples tested AIV positive. Samples were obtained from shallow water bodies in habitats with large numbers of waterfowl during an HPAIV epizootic. Although AIV RNA was detected in a substantial percentage of samples virus isolation failed. Virus loads in samples often were too low to allow further sub- and pathotyping. Similar results were obtained with environmentally deposited avian feces. Moreover, the spectrum of viruses detected by these active surveillance methods did not fully mirror an ongoing HPAIV epizootic among waterfowl as detected by passive surveillance, which, in terms of sensitivity, remains unsurpassed. © 2023 Ahrens et al.