Person: Selinka, Hans-Christoph
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Veröffentlichung Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistances in the Environment(2018) Adler, Nicole; Balzer, Frederike; Blondzik, Katrin; Brauer, Frank; Chorus, Ingrid; Ebert, Ina; Fiedler, Traute; Förster, Christina; Heidemeier, Joachim; Grummt, Tamara; Hein, Arne; Helmecke, Manuela; Hilliges, Falk; Kirst, Ingo; Konradi, Sabine; Klasen, Jutta; Küster, Anette; Krause, Bernd; Pirntke, Ulrike; Roskosch, Andrea; Schönfeld, Jens; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Straff, Wolfgang; Szewzyk, Regine; Westphal-Settele, Kathi; Deutschland. UmweltbundesamtEnvironmental aspects have so far only partially been addressed in the discussion of antimicrobial resistance. To bring this issue into focus, UBA compiled background information and data on the topic 'Antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance in the environment'. The results show that previously considered requirements for reduction, from the perspective of UBA, are insufficient to adequately protect health and the environment. UBA sees urgent need for improvement and proposes possible options for action.Veröffentlichung Detection and characterization of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in wastewater and urban surface waters in Germany(2020) Beyer, Sophia; Gnirrs, Regina; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Szewzyk, RegineIn highly populated areas, environmental surveillance of wastewater and surface waters is a key factor to control the circulation of viruses and risks for public health. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 is considered as an emerging pathogen in industrialized countries. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of HEV in environmental waters in urban and suburban regions in Germany. HEV was monitored in water samples using quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) and nested RT-PCR without or with virus concentration via polyethylene glycol precipitation or ultracentrifugation. By RT-qPCR, 84-100% of influent samples of wastewater treatment plants were positive for HEV RNA. Genotypes HEV-3c and 3f were identified in wastewater, with HEV-3c being the most prevalent genotype. These data correlate with subtypes identified earlier in patients from the same area. Comparison of wastewater influent and effluent samples revealed a reduction of HEV RNA of about 1 log10 during passage through wastewater treatment plants. In addition, combined sewer overflows (CSOs) after heavy rainfalls were shown to release HEV RNA into surface waters. About 75% of urban river samples taken during these CSO events were positive for HEV RNA by RT-qPCR. In contrast, under normal weather conditions, only around 30% of river samples and 15% of samples from a bathing water located at an urban river were positive for HEV. Median concentrations of HEV RNA of all tested samples at this bathing water were below the limit of detection. Source: https://link.springer.comVeröffentlichung A new approach to testing the efficacy of drinking water disinfectants(2018) Frohnert, Anne; Grunert, Andreas; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Szewzyk, RegineNew disinfection procedures are being developed and proposed for use in drinking-water production. Authorising their use requires an effective test strategy that can simulate conditions in practice. For this purpose, we developed a test rig working in a flow-through mode similar to the disinfection procedures in waterworks, but under tightly defined conditions, including very short contact times. To quantify the influence of DOC, temperature and pH on the efficacy of two standard disinfectants, chlorine and chlorine dioxide, simulated use tests were systematically performed. This test rig enabled quantitative comparison of the reduction of four test organisms, two viruses and two bacteria, in response to disinfection. Chlorine was substantially more effective against Enterococcus faecium than chlorine dioxide whereas the latter was more effective against the bacteriophage MS2, especially at pH values of >7.5 at which chlorine efficacies already decline. Contrary to expectation, bacteria were not generally reduced more quickly than viruses. Overall, the results confirm a high efficacy of chlorine and chlorine dioxide, validating them as standard disinfectants for assessing the efficacy of new disinfectants. Furthermore, these data demonstrate that the test rig is an appropriate tool for testing new disinfectants as well as disinfection procedures.Veröffentlichung Planungsoptionen und Technologien der Wasserwiederverwendung zur Stützung der Trinkwasserversorgung in urbanen Wasserkreisläufen (TrinkWave)(2020) Drewes, Jörg E.; Hübner, Uwe; Karakurt-Fischer, Sema; Kuckelkorn, Jochen; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Rien, Christian; Szewzyk, Regine; Technische Universität München. Lehrstuhl für SiedlungswasserwirtschaftVeröffentlichung Antibiotika und Antibiotikaresistenzen in der Umwelt(2018) Adler, Nicole; Balzer, Frederike; Blondzik, Katrin; Brauer, Frank; Chorus, Ingrid; Ebert, Ina; Fiedler, Traute; Förster, Christina; Heidemeier, Joachim; Grummt, Tamara; Hein, Arne; Helmecke, Manuela; Hilliges, Falk; Kirst, Ingo; Konradi, Sabine; Klasen, Jutta; Küster, Anette; Krause, Bernd; Pirntke, Ulrike; Roskosch, Andrea; Schönfeld, Jens; Selinka, Hans-Christoph; Straff, Wolfgang; Szewzyk, Regine; Westphal-Settele, Kathi; Deutschland. UmweltbundesamtDie Rolle der Umwelt wird bei der Entwicklung von Antibiotikaresistenzen bisher nur ansatzweise diskutiert. Um dieses Thema in den Focus zu bringen, veröffentlicht das UBA eine Zusammenstellung von Hintergründen und Daten zu dem Thema "Antibiotika und Antibiotikaresistenzen in der Umwelt". Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die bisher berücksichtigten Anforderungen zur Minderung aus Sicht des UBA nicht reichen, um Umwelt und Gesundheit ausreichend zu schützen. Das UBA sieht dringenden Nachbesserungsbedarf und schlägt mögliche Handlungsoptionen vor.