Person: Wirtz, Klaus
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Veröffentlichung International comparison CCQM-K10.2018: BTEX in nitrogen at 5 nmol mol-1(2022) Cecelski, Christina E; Rhoderick, George C.; Possolo, Antonio M; Stummer, Volker; Wirtz, KlausVeröffentlichung Sensorsysteme zur Messung der Luftqualität(VDI-Verlag, 2021) Brauer, Hannes; Bastian, Susanne; Conrad, Thorsten; Travnicek, Wilma; Wirtz, KlausAuf dem Markt sind heutzutage sehr einfach aufgebaute und daher zum Teil vergleichsweise preisgünstige Sensorsysteme verfügbar. In der Öffentlichkeit stoßen diese Sensorsysteme zur Messung der Luftqualität auf großes Interesse. Sie werden häufig abseits der behördlichen Messstationen in der Fläche eingesetzt, um dort ortsbezogen die Luftqualität zu ermitteln. Zum Vergleich der Ergebnisse werden sie mitunter auch direkt neben diesen Messstationen betrieben. Aber sie erfüllen die gesetzlichen Anforderungen an die Güte von Luftqualitätsmessungen für sich nicht und können derzeit nicht zur gesetzlichen Überwachung von Grenzwerten der Luftqualität eingesetzt werden. Sie sind aktuell keine Alternative zu den in den Messnetzen der Bundesländer eingesetzten Referenzmessverfahren, können allerdings in bestimmten Situationen eine sinnvolle Ergänzung darstellen. Die Nutzung von geeigneten Sensorsystemen in Kombination mit Ausbreitungsmodellen kann das Vertrauen in vorhandene Ausbreitungsmodellierungen stärken. Maßnahmen zur Produktzertifizierung seitens der Hersteller und regelmäßige unabhängige Prüfungen auf Basis technischer Standards können wesentlich dazu beitragen, die Nutzung von Sensorsystemen zu fördern und das Vertrauen in die Verlässlichkeit der damit gewonnenen Messwerte zu erhöhen. Quelle: https://www.vdi.de/Veröffentlichung Supplement of Decreasing trends of particle number and black carbon mass concentrations at 16 observational sites in Germany from 2009 to 2018(2020) Sun, Jia; Bath, Olaf; Birmili, Wolfram; Hermann, Markus; Gerwig, Holger; Ries, Ludwig; Schwerin, Andreas; Meinhardt, Frank; Sohmer, Ralf; Wirtz, KlausAnthropogenic emissions are a dominant contributor to air pollution. Consequently, mitigation policies have attempted to reduce anthropogenic pollution emissions in Europe since the 1990s. To evaluate the effectiveness of these mitigation policies, the German Ultrafine Aerosol Network (GUAN) was established in 2008, focusing on black carbon and sub-micrometer aerosol particles, especially ultrafine particles. In this investigation, trends of the size-resolved particle number concentrations (PNC) and the equivalent black carbon (eBC) mass concentration over a 10-year period (2009-2018) were evaluated for 16 observational sites for different environments among GUAN. The trend analysis was done for both, the full-length time series and on subsets of the time series in order to test the reliability of the results. The results show generally decreasing trends of both, the PNCs for all size ranges as well as eBC mass concentrations in all environments, except PNC in 10-30 nm at regional background and mountain sites. The annual slope of the eBC mass concentration varies between -7.7% and -1.8% per year. The slopes of the PNCs varies from -6.3% to 2.7%, -7.0% to -2.0%, and -9.5% to -1.5% per year (only significant trends) for 10-30 nm, 30-200 nm, and 200-800 nm particle diameter, respectively. The regional Mann-Kendall test yielded regional-scale trends of eBC mass concentration, N[30-200] and N[200-800] of -3.8%, -2.0% and -2.4%, respectively, indicating an overall decreasing trend for eBC mass concentration and sub-micrometer PNC (except N[10-30]) all over Germany. The most significant decrease was observed on working days and during daytime in urban areas, which implies a strong evidence of reduced anthropogenic emissions. For the seasonal trends, stronger reductions were observed in winter. Possible reasons for this reduction can be the increased average ambient temperatures and wind speed in winter, which resulted in less domestic heating and stronger dilution. In addition, decreased precipitation in summer also diminishes the decrease of the PNCs and eBC mass concentration. For the period of interest, there were no significant changes in long-range transport patterns. The most likely factors for the observed decreasing trends are declining anthropogenic emissions due to emission mitigation policies of the European Union. © Author(s) 2020Veröffentlichung Long-term UFP measurements in the urban background in the Rhine-Main area(2023) Gerwig, Holger; Unglert, Sabrina; Wirtz, KlausVeröffentlichung Decreasing trends of particle number and black carbon mass concentrations at 16 observational sites in Germany from 2009 to 2018(2020) Sun, Jia; Bath, Olaf; Birmili, Wolfram; Hermann, Markus; Gerwig, Holger; Ries, Ludwig; Schwerin, Andreas; Meinhardt, Frank; Sohmer, Ralf; Wirtz, KlausAnthropogenic emissions are a dominant contributor to air pollution. Consequently, mitigation policies have attempted to reduce anthropogenic pollution emissions in Europe since the 1990s. To evaluate the effectiveness of these mitigation policies, the German Ultrafine Aerosol Network (GUAN) was established in 2008, focusing on black carbon and sub-micrometer aerosol particles, especially ultrafine particles. In this investigation, trends of the size-resolved particle number concentrations (PNC) and the equivalent black carbon (eBC) mass concentration over a 10-year period (2009-2018) were evaluated for 16 observational sites for different environments among GUAN. The trend analysis was done for both, the full-length time series and on subsets of the time series in order to test the reliability of the results. The results show generally decreasing trends of both, the PNCs for all size ranges as well as eBC mass concentrations in all environments, except PNC in 10-30 nm at regional background and mountain sites. The annual slope of the eBC mass concentration varies between -7.7% and -1.8% per year. The slopes of the PNCs varies from -6.3% to 2.7%, -7.0% to -2.0%, and -9.5% to -1.5% per year (only significant trends) for 10-30 nm, 30-200 nm, and 200-800 nm particle diameter, respectively. The regional Mann-Kendall test yielded regional-scale trends of eBC mass concentration, N[30-200] and N[200-800] of -3.8%, -2.0% and -2.4%, respectively, indicating an overall decreasing trend for eBC mass concentration and sub-micrometer PNC (except N[10-30]) all over Germany. The most significant decrease was observed on working days and during daytime in urban areas, which implies a strong evidence of reduced anthropogenic emissions. For the seasonal trends, stronger reductions were observed in winter. Possible reasons for this reduction can be the increased average ambient temperatures and wind speed in winter, which resulted in less domestic heating and stronger dilution. In addition, decreased precipitation in summer also diminishes the decrease of the PNCs and eBC mass concentration. For the period of interest, there were no significant changes in long-range transport patterns. The most likely factors for the observed decreasing trends are declining anthropogenic emissions due to emission mitigation policies of the European Union. Quelle: https://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/