Auflistung nach Autor:in "Schulte, Christoph"

Gerade angezeigt 1 - 20 von 28

10 Jahre EU-Chemikalienverordnung REACH
(2016) Schulte, Christoph
A weight-of-evidence approach to assess chemicals: case study on the assessment of persistence of 4,6-substituted phenolic benzotriazoles in the environment
(2016) Becker, Eva; Brandt, Marc; Jöhncke, Ulrich; Sättler, Daniel; Schulte, Christoph
Background
One important purpose of the European REACH Regulation (EC No. 1907/2006) is to promote the use of alternative methods for assessment of hazards of substances in order to avoid animal testing. Experience with environmental hazard assessment under REACH shows that efficient alternative methods are needed in order to assess chemicals when standard test data are missing. One such assessment method is the weight-of-evidence (WoE) approach. In this study, the WoE approach was used to assess the persistence of certain phenolic benzotriazoles, a group of substances including also such of very high concern (SVHC).
Results
For phenolic benzotriazoles, assessment of the environmental persistence is challenging as standard information, i.e. simulation tests on biodegradation are not available. Thus, the WoE approach was used: overall information resulting from many sources was considered, and individual uncertainties of each source analysed separately. In a second step, all information was aggregated giving an overall picture of persistence to assess the degradability of the phenolic benzotriazoles under consideration although the reliability of individual sources was incomplete.
Conclusions
Overall, the evidence suggesting that phenolic benzotriazoles are very persistent in the environment is unambiguous. This was demonstrated by a WoE approach considering the prerequisites of REACH by combining several limited information sources. The combination enabled a clear overall assessment which can be reliably used for SVHC identification. Finally, it is recommended to include WoE approaches as an important tool in future environmental risk assessments.
Quelle: https://enveurope.springeropen.com
Assessing the environmental risks of short-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
(2014) Vierke, Lena; Kassner, Josephin; Staude, Claudia; Biegel-Engler, Annegret; Schulte, Christoph
Contaminants of Emerging Concern and Water Reuse - Approaches to Risk Management and Regulation
(2017) Schulte, Christoph; Helmecke, Manuela
Die "Zero Pollution Ambition" - ein Beitrag zum guten chemischen Gewässerzustand
(2022) Schulte, Christoph; Vierke, Lena; Conrad, André
Die Wasserrahmenrichtlinie
(Umweltbundesamt, 2022) Arle, Jens; Baumgarten, Corinna; Blondzik, Katrin; Frauenstein, Jörg; Hilliges, Falk; Hofmeier, Maximilian; Krakau, Manuela; Mohaupt, Volker; Mönnich, Julian; Naumann, Stephan; Osiek, Dirk; Rechenberg, Jörg; Richter, Niels; Schnäckel, Anna; Schulte, Christoph; Ullrich, Antje; Völker, Jeanette; Deutschland. Umweltbundesamt
Die Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (WRRL) fordert den umfassenden Schutz des oberirdischen und unterirdischen Wassers. Die zehn Flussgebietsgemeinschaften Deutschlands stellen dazu alle sechs Jahre Bewirtschaftungspläne und Maßnahmenprogramme auf. Das Umweltbundesamt und das Bundesumweltministerium haben diese Berichte für Deutschland ausgewertet und stellen die Ergebnisse in dieser gemeinsamen Broschüre vor. Sie erfahren wie wir Gewässer nutzen, welche Belastungen daraus resultieren und wie sie sich auf die Gewässer auswirken. Sie werden über den aktuellen Zustand der Gewässer informiert und welche Maßnahmen geplant sind, um den Zustand zu verbessern. Quelle: www-umweltbundesamt.de
Fluorchemikalien: Funktionalität und Umweltschutz
(2016) Schulte, Christoph; Vierke, Lena
Das Beispiel der Per- und Polyfluoralkylchemikalien zeigt, dass Substanzen schaden können, wenn die Entwickler nur auf die nützlichen Eigenschaften schauen und dabei Gefahren übersehen.Quelle: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com
Fluorhaltige Schaumlöschmittel umweltschonend einsetzen
(Umweltbundesamt, 2013) Schulte, Christoph
Poly- und perfluorierte Chemikalien sind in der Natur sehr schwer oder gar nicht abbaubar. Seit ihrer Einführung haben sie sich weltweit ausgebreitet. Internationale Studien haben gezeigt, dass poly- und perfluorierte Chemikalien in Lebewesen ebenso nachzuweisen sind wie in Gewässern und Sedimenten. Einige dieser Verbindungen treten weltweit im menschlichen Blut auf. Quelle: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de
Herausforderungen der Wasserwiederverwendung aus Hygiene- und Umweltsicht
(2019) Schulte, Christoph; Helmecke, Manuela
Kunststoffe in Böden: ja, und?
(2020) Schulte, Christoph
Minimierungsstrategien
(2017) Schulte, Christoph
New concern on old substances - endocrine disrupting effects of PFAS
(2016) Fetter, Èva; Biegel-Engler, Annegret; Vierke, Lena; Staude, Claudia; Schulte, Christoph
PBT-assessment and management under REACH froman national agency's perspective
(2016) Treu, Gabriele; Ackermann, Juliane; Claßen, Daniela; Jöhncke, Ulrich; Schulte, Christoph
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in blood plasma
(2020) Bandow, Nicole; Duffek, Anja; Conrad, André; Kolossa-Gehring, Marike; Rucic, Enrico; Lange, Rosa; Schulte, Christoph; Wellmitz, Jörg
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in blood plasma - Results of the German Environmental Survey for children and adolescents 2014-2017 (GerES V)
(2020) Conrad, André; Duffek, Anja; Kolossa-Gehring, Marike; Lange, Rosa; Rucic, Enrico; Schulte, Christoph; Wellmitz, Jörg
The 5th cycle of the German Environmental Survey (GerES V) investigated the internal human exposure of children and adolescents aged 3-17 years in Germany to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The fieldwork of the population-representative GerES V was performed from 2014 to 2017. In total, 1109 blood plasma samples were analysed for 12 PFAS including perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). PFOS was quantified in all and PFOA in almost all samples, demonstrating ubiquitous exposure. The highest geometric mean concentrations measured were 2.49 ng/mL for PFOS, followed by PFOA (1.12 ng/mL) and PFHxS (0.36 ng/mL), while concentrations of other PFAS were found in much lower concentrations. The 95th percentile levels of PFOS and PFOA were 6.00 and 3.24 ng/mL, respectively. The results document a still considerable exposure of the young generation to the phased out chemicals PFOS and PFOA. The observed exposure levels vary substantially between individuals and might be due to different multiple sources. The relative contribution of various exposure parameters such as diet or the specific use of consumer products need to be further explored. Although additional investigations on the time trend of human exposure are warranted, GerES V underlines the need for an effective and sustainable regulation of PFAS as a whole. Source: © 2020 Elsevier GmbH
PFAS - legacy contaminants or still emerging?
(2020) Schulte, Christoph; Biegel-Engler, Annegret; Koschorreck, Jan
PFAS - unsere persistenten Begleiter
(2020) Schulte, Christoph; Biegel-Engler, Annegret
Poly- and perfluorinated compounds global risks need global management
(2013) Schulte, Christoph; Börkey, Peter; Staude, Claudia; Vierke, Lena
Regulating water reuse for agricultural
(2020) Fries, Elke; Helmecke, Manuela; Schulte, Christoph
In recent years, more and more countries see irrigation using reclaimed water as an opportunity to secure and enhance agricultural production. Despite the benefits of water reuse, the scientific community raised several concerns and challenges for human health and the environment. This includes chemical risks. Effluents from urban wastewater treatment plants usually contain a wide range of organic chemicals. Such chemicals remaining in the water after the treatment process may cause hazards for human health, contaminate surrounding soil and water resources, and even compromise drinking water sources. Once crops on irrigated sites are exposed to chemicals, the potential transport to and accumulation in the edible parts of fruits and vegetables need to be controlled to rule out their introduction into the food chain. Finally, problems concerning the release of wastewater-borne antibiotics into the environment are starting to gain attention. For these reasons, agricultural irrigation should face more stringent quality requirements in order to minimize chemical risks. Combinations of measures reducing chemicals at the source, technical and natural water treatment processes especially to remove chemicals with persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT), or persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) properties, good agricultural practices, and supplementary preventive measures (e.g. knowledge transfer to the stakeholders involved) will be necessary to bring about and ensure safe irrigation in the future. While internationally many regulations and guidelines for water reuse have successfully been implemented, questions remain whether the current knowledge regarding chemical risks is sufficiently considered in the regulatory context. The introduction of a new regulation for water reuse, as attempted in the European Union, poses a good opportunity to better take chemicals risks into account. Quelle: https://link.springer.com
Regulating water reuse for agricultural irrigation: risks related to organic micro-contaminants
(2020) Fries, Elke; Helmecke, Manuela; Schulte, Christoph
In recent years, more and more countries see irrigation using reclaimed water as an opportunity to secure and enhance agricultural production. Despite the benefits of water reuse, the scientific community raised several concerns and challenges for human health and the environment. This includes chemical risks. Effluents from urban wastewater treatment plants usually contain a wide range of organic chemicals. Such chemicals remaining in the water after the treatment process may cause hazards for human health, contaminate surrounding soil and water resources, and even compromise drinking water sources. Once crops on irrigated sites are exposed to chemicals, the potential transport to and accumulation in the edible parts of fruits and vegetables need to be controlled to rule out their introduction into the food chain. Finally, problems concerning the release of wastewater-borne antibiotics into the environment are starting to gain attention. For these reasons, agricultural irrigation should face more stringent quality requirements in order to minimize chemical risks. Combinations of measures reducing chemicals at the source, technical and natural water treatment processes especially to remove chemicals with persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT), or persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) properties, good agricultural practices, and supplementary preventive measures (e.g. knowledge transfer to the stakeholders involved) will be necessary to bring about and ensure safe irrigation in the future. While internationally many regulations and guidelines for water reuse have successfully been implemented, questions remain whether the current knowledge regarding chemical risks is sufficiently considered in the regulatory context. The introduction of a new regulation for water reuse, as attempted in the European Union, poses a good opportunity to better take chemicals risks into account. © The Author(s) 2020